health science 2

Epidermis

Outermost layer of skin.

Dermis

Framework of elastic connective tissue containing blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat and oil glands, and hair follicles.

Subcutaneous fascia

Innermost layer made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose tissue, connecting the skin to the muscles.

Sudoriferous glands

Coiled tubes that extend through the dermis and open on the surface at pores; sweat contains water, salts, and body wastes.

Sebaceous glands

Usually open onto hair follicles, produce sebum (oil) that keeps skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle; also has antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Hair

Consists of a root growing in a follicle and a hair shaft, helps protect the body and covers surfaces.

Nails

Protect fingers and toes from injury, made of dead, keratinized epidermal cells formed in the nail bed.

Protection

Barrier to UV light and pathogens, holding moisture in.

Sensory perception

Nerves in skin help body respond to pain, pressure, temperature, and touch.

Body temperature regulation

Blood vessels retain or lose heat as needed, evaporative cooling through perspiration.

Storage

Fat, glucose, water, vitamins, and salts.

Absorption

Transdermal medications.

Excretion

Eliminates salt, wastes, excess water, and heat.

Vitamin D production

Vitamin D is produced from UV rays.

Melanin

Brownish-black pigment that absorbs UV light.

Acne vulgaris

Inflammation of sebaceous glands, symptoms include papules, pustules, and blackheads.

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin, frequently an allergic reaction.

Athlete's foot

Contagious fungal infection causing itchy, blister-like skin on the feet.

Warts

Viral infection, symptoms include rough, hard, elevated, rounded surface.

Herpes simplex virus type 2

Sexually transmitted, causing ulcer-like lesions of the genital skin and mucosa after initial infection.

1st degree burn

Thermal damage to the first layer of skin (epidermis), resulting in red and tender skin.

2nd degree burn

Affects epidermis and part of dermis, blisters appear with redness and tenderness.

3rd degree burn

Full thickness damage through all three skin layers and into nerves and muscles, requiring immediate treatment.

Cortex of hair

Outer layer of hair.

Medulla of hair

Inner layer of hair.