Intermolecular Forces, Moles, and Molar Mass

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to intermolecular forces, moles, and molar mass, essential for understanding chemical principles.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that mediate interaction between molecules, determining properties like boiling point and melting point.

Mole

A unit of measurement for amount of substance, equivalent to 6.022 x 10^23 particles.

Avogadro's Number

6.022 x 10^23, the number of particles in one mole of a substance.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of intermolecular attraction occurring between molecules that have hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Dipole-Dipole Interaction

Attractive forces that occur between polar molecules, where positive and negative ends attract each other.

Dispersion Forces

Weak intermolecular forces resulting from temporary shifts in electron density, also known as London dispersion forces.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, often expressed in grams per mole.

Polar Molecule

A molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds that do not cancel out, resulting in positive and negative ends.

Solubility

The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance, often determined by intermolecular forces.

Surface Tension

The elastic tendency of a surface of a liquid, which makes it acquire the least surface area possible, influenced by intermolecular forces.