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27 Terms

1
Confucius
An influential Chinese philosopher known for his teachings on ethics, morality, and social relationships.
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2
The Analects
A collection of sayings and ideas attributed to Confucius, compiled by his disciples.
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3
Confucianism
A philosophical and ethical system based on the teachings of Confucius, emphasizing moral integrity and social harmony.
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4
Filial Piety
A virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors in Confucianism.
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5
Daoism
A philosophical and religious tradition that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, the fundamental nature of the universe.
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6
Laozi
An ancient Chinese philosopher and writer, traditionally regarded as the founder of Daoism.
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7
Dao de Jing
A fundamental text of Daoism, attributed to Laozi, outlining the principles of the Dao.
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8
Qi
The vital life force or energy that flows through everything in Daoism.
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9
Ming Dynasty
A Chinese dynasty from 1368 to 1644 known for its trade expansion and cultural achievements.
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10
Hongwu Emperor
The founder of the Ming Dynasty, ruling from 1368 to 1398, known for his reforms and consolidation of power.
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11
Yongle Emperor
The third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ruling from 1402 to 1424, noted for his expansionist policies and construction of the Forbidden City.
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12
Forbidden City
The Chinese imperial palace from the Ming to the Qing dynasty, located in Beijing.
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13
Omnipotence
The quality of having unlimited power; in a religious context, often attributed to deities.
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14
Zheng He
A Chinese explorer and admiral during the early Ming dynasty known for his maritime expeditions.
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15
Wanli Emperor
The thirteenth emperor of the Ming dynasty, ruling from 1572 to 1620, known for his long reign during a period of decline.
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16
Manchus
A group that originated in Manchuria and founded the Qing dynasty in China.
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17
Kangxi Emperor

Qing dynasty ruler who oversaw great territorial expansion. Was a Confucian scholar who oversaw the assimilation of the Manchu government with the Han Chinese population

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18
Qianlong Emperor

The sixth emperor of the Qing dynasty, ruling from 1735 to 1796, known for territorial expansion and economic isolationism.

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19
Son of Heaven
A title used in Chinese history to designate the emperor, regarded as the intermediary between heaven and earth.
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20
Kowtow
A traditional Chinese act of deep respect involving kneeling and touching one's forehead to the ground.
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21
Civil Service Examinations
A series of competitive exams in imperial China aimed at selecting candidates for positions in the government.
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22
Scholar-bureaucrats
Highly educated individuals who passed the civil service examinations and held government posts in imperial China.
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23
Qing Dynasty Trade
Trade practices during the Qing dynasty characterized by limited foreign influence and a focus on self-sufficiency.
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24
Political and Social Stability
A state of steady governance and societal order achieved during various dynasties in Chinese history.
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25
Gentry
The elite class in traditional Chinese society, often landowners and educated individuals.
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26
Commoners
The majority population in traditional Chinese society, typically farmers or laborers.
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27
Merchants
Individuals engaged in trade and commerce, often considered of lower social status in ancient China.
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