AP CompSci P Unit 3

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29 Terms

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Algorithm

A finite set of instructions that accomplish a specific task.

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Code statement

A part of program code that expresses an action to be carried out.

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Expression

Can consist of a value, a variable, an operator, or a procedure call that returns a value; expressions are evaluated to produce a single value.

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Execute

The process of running a computer software program, script, or command.

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Behavior

How a program functions during execution; often described by how a user interacts with it.

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Program inputs

Data sent to a computer for processing by a program; it can come in a variety of forms, such as tactile, audio, visual, or text.

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Program outputs

Any data sent from a program to a device; can come in a variety of forms, such as tactile, audio, visual, or text.

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Event

An occurrence; things that happen; usually associated with an action (i.e. mouse click, button pressed).

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Event handler

A part of code that 'handles' or listens for a specific type of event; when that event occurs, the code inside the event handler is run.

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Program documentation

A written description of the function of a code segment, event, procedure, or program and how it was developed.

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Comments

A form of program documentation written into the program that helps explain what the code is doing. Comments in a program do not affect how a program runs.

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Logic error

A mistake in the algorithm or program that causes it to behave incorrectly or unexpectedly.

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Syntax error

A mistake in the program where the rules of the programming language are not followed.

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Run-time error

A mistake in the program that occurs during the execution of a program; programming languages define their own run-time errors.

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Overflow error

An error that occurs when a computer attempts to handle a number that is outside of the defined range of values.

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Testing

Using defined inputs to ensure that an algorithm or program is producing the expected outcomes, in the development process.

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Sequencing

The application of each step of an algorithm in the order in which the code statements are given.

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Selection

Determines which part of an algorithm are executed based on a condition being true or false.

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Nested conditional statements

Consist of conditional statements within conditional statements.

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Iteration

A repeating portion of an algorithm; iteration repeats a specified number of times or until a given condition is met.

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Variable

An abstraction inside a program that can hold a value; each variable has associated data storage that represents one value at a time.

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Variable Types

Some programming languages provide types to represent data, including numbers, Booleans, arrays/lists, and strings.

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Element

An individual value in an array/list that is assigned a unique index.

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Index

A common method for referencing the elements in a list or string using natural numbers.

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String

An ordered sequence of characters.

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String concatenation

Joins together two or more strings end-to-end to make a new string.

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Substring

Part of an existing string.

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Boolean value

A variable that is either true or false.

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Data abstraction

Provides a separation between the abstract properties of a data type and the concrete details of its representation.