History explosions and stuff like that

Great Oxygenation Event

Time: 2.460–2.426 Ga during Siderian period, ended 2.060 Ga ago during the Rhyacian (the first event in this time period)

Great Oxygenation Event

Causes: Due to cyanobacteria, the Archean prebiotic atmosphere changed from a weakly reducing atmosphere w/o oxygen into an oxidizing one containing abundant free oxygen. Oxygen levels were as high as 10% of modern atmospheric level by the end of the GOE.

Great Oxygenation Events

Effects: Caused an inferred mass extinction, which then caused adaptations to lead to eukaryotic life.

Huronian glaciation

Time: 2.5. to 2.2 g Ga, (the Siderian and Rhyacian periods of the Paleoproterozoic) (the second event in this time period)

Huronian Glaciation

Causes: Since O2 was relaseed into the atomsphere by the Great Oxygenation, it helps oxidize compounds. CH4 was oxidiezed into CO2 and H2O, which are much less potent greenhouses gasses, causing the world to be much cooler.

Huronian Glaciation

Effects: Caused an icehouse effect (basically just cooling), which then caused with other factors a mass extinction.

Snowball Earth

650 mya during the Cryogenian Period

Snowball Earth Hypothesis

Snowball Earth Hypothesis

Reasons: explains sedimentary deposits that are generally believed to be of glacial origin at tropical palaeolatitudes and other enigmatic features in the geological record.

Cambrian Explosion

Time: 538.8 mya during Cambrian, lasted around 13 to 25 mya.

Cambrian Explosion

Sudden explosion of complex life that occurred, almost all present-day animal phyla appeared during this period, including the earliest chordates.

Cambrian Substrate Revolution (Agronomic revolution)

Time: Occurred throughout the Cambrian

Cambrian Substrate Revolution (Agronomic revolution)

diversification of animal burrowing. Originally, it was either crawling/burrowing on/under the microbial mats. Then, a few organisms started burrowing vertically, causing the microbial mat of mainly sulfate reducing bacteria to start not releasing poisonous H2S, leading to more organisms being able to live near the mat

Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE)

began 497.05 Ma and ended 467.33 Ma

Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE)

Stuff:Cambrian fauna replaced by suspension feeders and pelagic animals type shit.

Carboniferous rainforest collapse

305 million years ago in the Carboniferous period

Carboniferous rainforest collapse

Minor extinction where climate change fragmented the coal forests into ecological islands, thus causing the extinction of animals and plants, specifically the rainforests. Lycopsid forests were replaced by tree ferns. Amphibians were bad off, but amniotes were well off.

Olson’s extinction

273 mya during Permian

Olson’s extinction

First recognized as a gap in the fossil record. Later, it was filled and realized to be a hiatus between the earlier Permian faunas of plecyasaurs to being dominated by therapsids.

Mesozoic Marine Revolution

Mesozoic Marine Revolution

Occurred throughout the Mesozoic (251 Mya to 66 mya)

Mesozoic Marine Revolution

increase in shell-crushing (durophagous) and boring predation in benthic organisms

Great American Interchange

The great american interchange was recent