Gastrointestinal and Urologic Emergencies

These flashcards review key concepts related to gastrointestinal and urologic emergencies as covered in the lecture notes.

What is the primary role of the kidneys in the urinary system?

The kidneys control the discharge of waste materials filtered from the blood.

What is peritonitis?

Peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneum, typically caused by foreign material such as blood, pus, or bile.

What is a common cause of acute abdominal pain in female patients?

Gynecologic problems such as pelvic inflammatory disease.

What are the solid organs of the abdominal cavity?

Solid organs include the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, and ovaries (in women).

What is the function of the gallbladder?

The gallbladder is a reservoir for bile, aiding in the digestion of fats.

What term describes the paralysis of muscular contractions in the intestines?

Ileus.

What is the condition called when a person experiences a loss of appetite?

Anorexia.

What is the medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder?

Cystitis.

What happens during a strangulated hernia?

The contents of the hernia are compressed to the point that blood flow is compromised, requiring immediate surgery.

What are common symptoms of an acute abdomen?

Signs include rapid and shallow breathing, a tense and distended abdomen, tachycardia, and restlessness.