MEP Part 2

Economic migrant

someone who moves for work

Boycott

refuse to use a service or good in protest

Mother Country:

Name given to Britain in many colonies

British East India Trading Company:

Trading organisation with a monopoly on India

Indian Rebellion:

Frustration with the East India Company from their Indian soldiers (Seypoys) led to an uprising after rumours they greased the cartridges of guns with pigs fat. Brutally suppressed by the Empire forces and led to the end of the company's control of India.

What was the British East India Company and when was it set up?

1600: set up to trade with India

What and when was Battle of Plassey?

1757:3000 EIC troops defeated 40

What and when was the Government of India Act?

1773: Gave EIC power over India

What and when was the Indian Rebellion?

Indian Sepoys rebelled

When did the British government take full control over India?

1858

What was the Church Missionary Society and when was it set up?

1827: established to train priests to travel abroad to spread Christianity

By 1870 how much of Africa controlled by European countries? How much did Britain control by 1900?

10% - 32%

What and when was the 'Scramble for Africa'?

1881-1914: Explosion in competition between European countries to colonise Africa

What was the Imperial British East Africa Company and when was it founded?

1888: founded to promote trade between Britain and Africa

What was agreed at the Berlin West Africa Conference and when was it?

1884: European nations held a conference in Berlin where they decided to divide Africa between themselves

How many tonnes of palm oil was Britain trading with West Africa by 1895?

635

Which racist ideology was used to justify Britain's expansion in Africa?

social Darwinism

What and when was the Boer War?

1899-1902: War between Britain and South Africa

What are missionaries?

Religious people who would travel abroad in order to spread Christianity.

What did the Church Missionary Society do?

set up to send missionaries to Seirra Leone

Who was Mary Slessor and what did she establish?

She lived in Nigeria and established the Hope Waddell Training Institute.

Who was Samuel Ajayi Crowther?

He was an African educated by missionaries who travelled to England where he trained himself as a missionary before returning to Africa.

What was Imperial Propaganda?

The British attempt to promote ideas of themselves as a great world power. This could be found in literature

What was the most important trade with West Africa after the slave trade was abolished?

palm oil.

Who sought to develop advanced transport links to encourage farming in Uganda?

The Imperial British East Africa company

Who did the Imperial British East Africa Company use to build the Ugandan railway line?

They used indentured labour from India - 32

How many soldiers fought on either side in the Boer War?

50

What techniques did the British use in the Boer War?

the British burnt crops and imprisoned 116

What was decided at the end of the Boer War?

Negotiated a peace to make South Africa a dominion.

When did the transportation of prisoners to settle in Australia begin?

1787

How many people starved in the Irish potato famine

and when was it?

How many Jews migrated to Britain to escape Russian pogroms between 1881-1914?

120

By 1900 how what percentage of people in Britain lived in
urban areas?

75%

Between 1815- 1914 how many people moved to N America/Africa/Australia

22m

Transportation

forcibly relocating criminals to colonies. Up to 20

Irish Potato Famine:

A shortage of Ireland's most essential crop led 600

Anti-Semitism

Racism to Jewish people. Killings forced Jewish people to flee to Britain.

Industrialisation

large scale development of industry led to major cities

Cartridge

Part of the gun which is bitten to open

Rebellion

an act of armed resistance

Infrastructure

roads

Monopolies

the exclusive right to buy/sell something

Irrigation

water supply for crops

Boer

South African people of Dutch descent

Imperial

Relating to an Empire

Propaganda

Information used to promote a political cause

Civilise

Develop culture/society to be more 'advanced'

Maxim machine gun

Powerful weapon used by British

Concentration camps

a place where people

Famine

extreme lack of food

Pogrom

an organised massacre of a religious group

Sepoys

Indians in the East India Company's Army

Who were Nabobs?

Indians in the East India Company's Army

What was the White Man's Burden?

Racist ideology that white people have a duty to rule over and civilise others

What was Social Darwinism?

Racist ideology that white people have a duty to rule over and civilise others

What is a Dominion?

Territory with control over its own government/affairs

What is an indentured servant?

Someone bound to work without pay

Who was Robert Clive?

Nabob who led British at Battle of Plassey

Who was Warren Hastings?

Nabob who encouraged cultural mixing by encouraging studies of Indian languages and literature. Made £1bn in today's money from role leading to downfall for corruption

Who was Cecil Rhodes?

He owned a Monopoly over diamond industry. Colonised Zambia/ Zimbabwe: named 'Rhodesia after himself". Provoked Boer War by attempting to open mines on Boer land

Renaissance

14-16th Century cultural movement

led to new ideas/inventions

Exploration

Seeking to discover new things

Spanish New World

North and South America which had been 'discovered' and 'claimed' by the Spanish

Piracy

raiding ships to steal their wealth

Plunder

Stealing goods

Privateers

Explorers with permission of a monarch to act as pirates

John Hawkins

Elizabethan Privateer who raided Spanish wealth to bring treasure back to England
Started English involvement in the slave trade

How many slave trading voyages did John Hawkins make?

3

Who sponsored the voyages of John Hawkins and other privateers?

Elizabeth I

Christopher Columbus

A Spanish explorer who 'discovered' the New World when he sailed to the Americas in 1492

Transatlantic Slave Trade

Forceful transportation of West African people to America/Caribbean to be sold as workers

When did Britain begin its involvement in the slave trade?

1562

How much did traders make from each slave they sold?

£2000

How many slaves did British traders sell over the course of 300 years?

2 million

Middle Passage

Voyage which transported slaves from Africa to America and the Caribbean which took 2-12 weeks and during which 1/6th of slaves died

Plantations

An estate in which crops were grown

What crops were grown on plantations?

Tobacco

How much sugar did Britain import from plantations?

245

Where did Britain set up its first slave colony in 1635?

Barbados

How many slaves were there in Barbados?

42

Quakers

A type of Protestant who left England due to discrimination and settled in Barbados

When did Britain abolish the slave trade?

1807

Colonise

to establish control over another country

West Indies

Name given to the Caribbean Islands by European settlers who used them as slave plantations

Indigenous people

the 'original' population of America

Indentured servants

People who worked unpaid as their employers had paid for their journey to the 'new world' and so they had to work until the cost of their journey had been repaid

Malaria

deadly disease which killed many of original settlers in America

Sir Walter Raleigh

Elizabethan privateer established first colony Virginia

Jamestown

First British colony in America set up in 1607

Who established Jamestown and why?

The business 'The Virginia Company' hoping to develop tobacco plantations

the Powhatan People

Indigenous population of Jamestown who initially worked with the Virginia Company settlers but later went to war with them

Pilgrim Fathers

Puritans who created the first successful colony in America

What was the name of the colony created by the Pilgrim Fathers?

New Plymouth

When did the Pilgrim Fathers arrive in America?

1620

What was the name of the boat that bought the Pilgrim Fathers to America?

The Mayflower

How many puritans followed the Pilgrim Fathers to America?

20

Puritan

A strict Protestant

How many colonies were formed in America by British settlers?

13

The Seven Years War

War from 1756-1763 between France and Britain over who would control America. Although Britain won it was very expensive.