Joints

What is a fibrous joint?

• Dense regular CT connects bones

• No joint cavity or space between bones

What is a cartilaginous joint?

• Cartilage binds the bone

• No joint cavity

• Epiphyseal plate

What is a synovial joint?

• Ligaments support articulating bones

• Bone ends separated by a joint cavity

What is synarthrosis?

Immovable joint

What is amphiarthrosis?

Slightly moveable

What is diarthrosis?

Freely moveable

What are the three fibrous joints?

• Suture

• Syndesmosis

• Gomphosis

What is a suture and an example?

• Dense regular CT binds bone

• Coronal, lambed, sagittal sutures of skull

What is the movement type of a suture?

Synarthrosis

What is sydesmosis and examples?

• Bones held together by interosseous membrane

• Between radius and ulna, between tibia and fibula

What is the movement type of syndesmosis?

Amphiarthrosis

What is gomphosis and an example?

• Root of tooth attached to jaw by periodontal ligaments

• Braces (mechanical stress, osteoblasts + osteoclasts remodel bone, repositions tooth)

What is the movement type of gomphosis?

Synarthrosis

What are the two cartilaginous joints?

• Synchondrosis

• Symphysis

What is synchondrosis and examples?

• Bones connected by hyaline cartilage

• Epiphyseal plate, costochondral joints

What is the movement of synchondrosis?

Synarthrosis

What is symphysis and examples?

• Bones connected by fibrocartilage

• Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

What is the movement of symphysis?

Amphiarthrosis

What is fibrocartilage?

• Chondrocytes in lacunae

• Collagen fibers visible in matrix

• Support withstand compression

What movement type are synovial joints?

Diarthroses

What are the 6 kinds of synovial joints?

• Plane

• Hinge

• Pivot

• Condylar

• Saddle

• Ball-and-Socket

What is a plane joint?

• Side-to-side movements

• Between carpal bones and tarsal bones

What is a hinge joint?

• Bending in only one plane

• Elbow, knee, PIP and DIP joints

What is a pivot joint?

• Permits rotational movement about a longitudinal axis

• Atlas-axis articulation

What is a condylar joint?

• Movement in 2 plane

• MP joints, “knuckles”

What is a saddle joint?

• Wide range of movement

• 1st metacarpal joint (base of thumb)

What is a Ball-and-Socket joint?

• Provides the greatest range of movement

• Hip joint and shoulder joint