Chapter F5 Infection Control (Vocab)

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

abbreviated AIDS; a disease that breaks down the body's immune system; AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

antiseptics

chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.

asymptomatic

showing no symptoms or signs of infection

bacteria

single-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics; some bacteria are harmful, some are harmless

bactericidal

capable of destroying bacteria

bloodborne pathogens

disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV

cleaning

a mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs; cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection; cleaning is what beauty professionals are required to do before disinfecting

communicable

able to be communicated; transferable by contact from one person to another as in a communicable disease

contamination

the presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface, or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin

diagnosis

determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests; federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing

direct transmission

transmission of pathogens through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking

disease

an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

disinfectants

chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces

disinfection

a chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces

efficacy

the ability to produce a desired or intended result

exposure incident

an event where an individual is exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials

fungi

a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, and mushrooms

fungicidal

capable of destroying fungi

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver, often caused by a viral infection

herpes simplex virus

a virus that causes herpes infections, typically characterized by sores

human immunodeficiency virus

the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

indirect transmission

transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.

infection

the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.

infection control

the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another.

inflammation

a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.

local infection

an infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

multiuse

also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.

nonpathogenic

capable of not causing disease.

nonporous

not allowing liquid or air to pass through.

occupational disease

disease caused by exposure to harmful substances or conditions in the workplace.

parasites

organisms that live on or in a host and benefit at the host's expense.

parasitic disease

disease caused by parasites.

pathogenic

capable of causing disease.

pediculosis capitis

infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice

porous

made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings;

pus

a fluid created by infection

ringworm

a fungal infection of the skin that appears in circular lesions

sanitation

also known as sanitizing; a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

scabies

a contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin

sodium hypochlorite

common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon, spa, and barbershop

Standard Precautions

guidelines published by the CDC that require the employer and employee to assume that any human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious

sterilization

the process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores

systemic infection

an infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area or organ

tinea barbae

also known as barber's itch, a superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin; it is primarily limited to the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp

tinea capitis

a fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles

tuberculosis

a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing

virucidal

capable of destroying viruses

virus

a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. a virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's reproductive function