structures that are most forward (e.g. the face, chest, and abdomen)
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posterior
structures that are toward the backside of the body
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medial
toward the midline
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lateral
away from the midline or median plane
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cephalad, cranial
toward the head
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caudal
toward the tail
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superior, inferior, anterior, posterior
In humans, these terms (cranial, caudal) are used interchangeably with ______ and _______ but in vertebrates, they are synonymous with _______ and ________ respectively.
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dorsal
animal's back or the backside of any other structures, human posterior = animal ______
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ventral
refers to the belly side of animals
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anterior, posterior, inferior, superior
in humans the terms ventral and dorsal are used interchangeably with the terms ________ and _________. In four-legged animals, ventral and dorsal are synonymous with ________ and _______ respectively
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proximal
nearer the trunk or attached end
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distal
farther from the trunk or point of attachment
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superficial, external
toward or at the body surface
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deep, internal
away from the body surface
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frontal plane
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median plane, midsagittal plane
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transverse plane
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section
a slice of tissue, made through a body wall or through an organ
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plane
an imaginary surface or line
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sagittal plane
a plane that runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left parts
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median, midsagittal plane
if a plane divides the body into equal parts, right down the median plane of the body, it is called a ______, or ________ _____
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parasagittal planes
all other sagittal planes are referred to as
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frontal plane
sometimes called a coronal plane, the ______ _____ is a longitudinal plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
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transverse plane
runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts
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cross sections
When organs are sectioned along the transverse plane, the sections are commonly called ____ _______
Studied by 7 people
