study guide for genetics

1. The diagram represents a molecule of:

DNA

2. Which DNA strand is complementary to the shown strand?

GTACGATG

3. What parts of the diagram make up a nucleotide?

A, B, and C

4. How many nucleotides are shown in the diagram?

4

5. The letter X represents two nitrogen bases that are:

Complementary and joined by hydrogen bonds

6. The mRNA codon for methionine is:

AUG

7. A change in the DNA base sequence is called a:

Gene mutation

8. Which nucleic acid carries instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

Messenger RNA only

9. What sequence of events occurs during protein synthesis?

B → E → A → C → D

10. The biochemical process shown is most closely associated with what organelle?

Ribosome

11. Which process forms a protein through linking amino acids?

Dehydration synthesis

12. What is the correct order of molecules in protein synthesis?

DNA, mRNA, tRNA, polypeptide

13. What is the function of tRNA during protein synthesis?

Transfers amino acids to the ribosome

14. What process converts DNA into RNA?

Transcription

15. What amino acid does the codon AUG code for?

Methionine

16. Which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome?

tRNA

16QB. “If after the eighth nucleotide in the original DNA strand Adenine (A) was added, what would the resulting mRNA and amino acid sequence look like?”

DNA: TAC – CTG – CAA – TCC

mRNA: AUG – GAC – GUU – UAG

A.A.: Methionine – Aspartic Acid – Valine – Stop