Class 9 Biology Review

Flashcards for Class 9 Biology review.

What is biology?

Biology is the branch of science that deals with the study of life, encompassing the study of living organisms, their structures, functions, and interactions.

Who is referred to as the Father of Biology?

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher and scientist, is sometimes referred to as the Father of Biology for his extensive studies of animals and plants.

Who is known as the Father of Modern Genetics?

Gregor Mendel, an Austrian scientist and monk, is known as the Father of Modern Genetics for his experiments on pea plants and discovery of the Laws of Inheritance.

What are the two broad branches of biology?

The two broad branches of biology are botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals).

What is the importance of studying biology concerning our body?

Through studying biology, especially branches like genetics, anatomy, and physiology, we understand the human body's composition, functions, and how it's affected by nutrition and the environment, helping in disease prevention and overall health.

What is the importance of cell staining?

Cell staining is used to increase contrast in cells, making their structures more visible under a microscope. It involves applying specific dyes to differentiate various cell parts.

What are the three essential parts of every cell?

The three essential parts of every cell are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

What is the function of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell, hence they are called 'protein factories'.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Mitochondria are responsible for cell respiration, breaking down sugar molecules to release stored chemical energy in the form of ATP. They are known as the 'power houses of the cell'.

What is the role of the nucleus?

The nucleus directs and controls all cell activities. It regulates life processes, plays a role in cell division, and carries hereditary factors (genes).

What is transpiration?

Transpiration is the loss of excess water from the aerial parts of a plant in the form of water vapor.

Name three types of transpiration.

There are three types of transpiration; Stomatal, Cuticular, and Lenticular.

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

The balanced chemical equation is Sunlight + 6CO2 + 12H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Chlorophyll

What are the two phases of photosynthesis?

The two phases of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reaction and the light-independent reaction (dark reaction).

Name the three plant growth promoters.

The three plant growth promoters are auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins.

Describe the role of the oesophagus.

The oesophagus is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. It carries swallowed masses of chewed food from mouth to stomach.

Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava?

The right atrium

Where does gaseous exchange occurs?

exchange of gases occurs in the alveoli.

State the main components of blood.

The main components of the blood are plasma and blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).

Types of assessment

Continuous Formative Assessment (CFA), Continuous Summative Assessment (CSA), and Summative Assessment (SA).

What is a gene?

A gene is a section of DNA that contains instructions for a specific trait.

Name scientists associated with the cell theory

Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow