Systems Theory Concepts and Ecological Theory

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts of Systems Theory (degrees of freedom, synergies, self-organization, nonlinear behavior, variability) and Ecological Theory, along with their physical therapy applications and limitations.

Degrees of Freedom (Systems Theory)

The many possible ways to move, derived from the body having many joints, muscles, and movement options.

Coordination (Systems Theory)

Organizing movement options to produce a desired movement.

Synergies (Systems Theory)

Parts of the body (muscles and joints) working together in a coordinated unit to make movement stable and adaptable.

Self Organization (Systems Theory)

The principle that movement emerges from interaction, allowing coordinated movement to arise from Task, Individual, and Environment (TIE) rather than requiring one central command.

PT Application of Self Organization

Using Task, Individual, and Environment (TIE) and repetition to improve movement.

Nonlinear Behavior (Systems Theory)

Movement that transforms into a new configuration when a single parameter is gradually altered and reaches a critical value (e.g., walk to jog to run).

Variability (Systems Theory)

A necessary condition for optimal function; an increased variability of a movement pattern occurs before a change to a new movement pattern, meaning increased variability can represent progress.

Ecological Theory

A theory holding that action requires perception of environmental information, which is used to control movement and achieve goal-directed actions performed within a specific environment.

Limitations of Ecological Theory

Places less emphasis on interaction with the brain and nervous system, and does not focus on what is creating movement or changing levels of analysis.

PT Application of Ecological Theory

Creating varied tasks and environments during training to promote adaptability.