Sociological Perspectives and Concepts Review

These flashcards cover key sociological perspectives, concepts, and theories discussed in the lecture notes to aid in exam preparation.

What are the three main sociological perspectives?

Symbolic Interactionism, Functionalism, Conflict Theory.

Who are the key figures associated with Symbolic Interactionism?

Weber, Mead, and Blumer.

Define Functionalism in sociology.

A perspective that views society as composed of interdependent parts that work together to promote stability.

What does Conflict Theory emphasize in society?

Inequality and competition for resources.

What is the most important agent of socialization?

Family.

Differentiate between primary and secondary socialization.

Primary socialization occurs during childhood, while secondary socialization happens in more specific groups as one grows.

What is Dramaturgy according to Goffman?

The concept that social interaction is like a series of human dramas where individuals present a particular image of themselves.

What are the three stages of self-development according to Mead?

Preparatory, Play, and Game stages.

Define 'Anomie' according to Durkheim.

A state of normlessness caused by rapid changes in society.

What is the role of 'Resocialization'?

The process of discarding old behaviors and adopting new ones.

What are the two types of social institutions mentioned?

Formal institutions and Total institutions.

What is the difference between Folkways and Mores?

Folkways are norms that are not strictly enforced, while mores are moral norms that can lead to persecution if violated.

Explain the concept of 'Cultural Relativism'.

The practice of trying not to impose one's own cultural norms when studying other cultures.

What does Sociometry study?

The direction of interaction within small groups.

Define the difference between Integration and Assimilation.

Integration involves limited conformance, while assimilation requires complete conformity to the dominant culture.

What is Social Construction of Reality?

The theory that the way we present ourselves is shaped by our life experiences.

What is Collective Behavior?

Public expressions that can be short-lived or long-term, often in response to social or cultural circumstances.

Define the term 'Mass Society'.

An impersonal societal structure where individual achievement is valued over kinship ties.

What is Resource Mobilization Theory in the context of social movements?

The theory explaining how social movements gain resources and mobilize members for social change.

What are Expressive and Instrumental Leaders?

Expressive Leaders focus on maintaining emotional bonds, while Instrumental Leaders are task-oriented.

What is Parkinson's Law?

The concept that work expands to fit the time available for its completion.

What characterizes a total institution?

An institution that controls every aspect of an individual's life.

What are the four types of suicide according to Durkheim?

Egoistic, Altruistic, Anomic, and Fatalistic.

What is the definition of Deviance in sociology?

Any behavior that defies social norms.

What does Labeling Theory suggest regarding deviance?

Deviance is subjective and labeled based on societal perceptions.

Who introduced the concept of Sociological Imagination?

Mills.