Mechanisms of Evolution Chapters 22-25 Study Packet

Flashcards created to help review key concepts from the mechanisms of evolution lecture notes.

The principle that events in the past occurred suddenly, as with catastrophes, is advocated by __.

Georges Cuvier

Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, and Gene Flow can alter __ frequencies in a population.

allele

The process by which new species arise is known as __.

speciation

The early theory of evolution by Lamarck included the concept of __ which is the idea that parts of the body that are used extensively become larger and stronger.

use and disuse

The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes a population that is __.

not evolving

The __ is the study of how populations change genetically over time.

population genetics

The process by which species are modified by humans is called __.

artificial selection

When two species can live in the same geographic area but not in the same __, this will prevent them from mating.

habitat

In disruptive selection, a population has individuals with either large beaks or small beaks but few with __ beak size.

intermediate

Lamarck's mechanism was flawed; he recognized that species evolve but his explanation was primarily based on the __ of acquired characteristics.

inheritance

The __ concept defines a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring.

biological species

The fossil record is primarily formed from the layers of __ rock.

sedimentary

Mitochondria and plastids are believed to have originated from __ that began living within larger cells.

small prokaryotes

The __ Effect occurs when a few individuals become isolated and establish a new population whose gene pool is not reflective of the source population.

Founder

A __ barrier that prevents mating or hinders fertilization if mating occurs includes temporal isolation.

prezygotic

The __ is a term used to describe periods of apparent stasis punctuated by sudden changes in the fossil record.

punctuated equilibrium

Natural selection favors alleles that enhance __ success.

reproductive

The __ record provides evidence for the theory of evolution and shows the succession of forms over time.

fossil