Psychic Functions in Human Body

A set of 50 flashcards to aid in the review of psychic functions in the human body, covering definitions, classifications, disorders, and assessments.

What are the key psychic functions of the human body?

Consciousness, Attention, Memory, Emotions, Instincts, Perception, Will, Intelligence.

Define Consciousness.

Knowledge of the overall psychological experience at a given moment, characterized by continuity and non-communicativeness.

What are the two types of consciousness identified in psychology?

Subject consciousness and self-consciousness.

What is the impairment of consciousness?

Includes disorders such as derealization, depersonalization, personality transformation, and autism.

Classify the qualitative disorders of consciousness.

Examples include confusion, delirium, and twilight state.

Define Attention.

The ability to direct and maintain psychic energy on specific information of interest.

What is passive attention?

Involuntary attention activated automatically by strong stimuli.

What distinguishes active attention from passive attention?

Active attention is driven by desire and a conscious decision.

What are the three scopes of attention?

Scope, continuity, and dynamic attention.

What are disorders of attention?

Examples include scatterbrainedness due to depression or mania.

Define Perception.

A mental function through which recognition of information and its utility value are achieved.

What are Agnosias?

Disorders of perception such as visual or auditory agnosia.

Differentiate between hallucinations and illusions in perception disorders.

Hallucinations involve false perceptions without stimuli, while illusions are distortions of real stimuli.

What is Opinion in psychological terms?

Logical cognition that satisfies bio-social and cognitive needs.

What are thought disorders by form?

Includes pathological verbosity, mutism, and incoherent thinking.

What constitutes memory?

The property to fixate, retain, recognize, and reproduce information.

Identify the four phases of memory.

Fixation, retention, recognition, and reproduction.

What are quantitative memory disorders?

Examples include amnesias, hypomnesias, and hypermnesias.

Define Intelligence in psychological context.

The ability to perceive relationships and adapt to new situations.

What is mental retardation?

A cognitive deficit categorized by IQ levels, with varying degrees classified from mild to profound.

How is intelligence assessed?

Using methods such as speech analysis and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

What are emotions according to the lecture?

Subjective relationships of a person to various stimuli from their internal and external world.

What is the anatomical seat of human emotional life?

The limbic system.

Differentiate between moods and affects.

Moods are long-lasting emotional states; affects are short-lived and intense emotional responses.

What are quantitative disorders of emotions?

Euphoria, depression, apathy, emotional lability.

Define instincts in psychological terms.

Innate tendencies of a person towards certain behaviors to satisfy needs.

What are the two types of instincts?

Vital instincts and social instincts.

What are social motivation disorders?

Conditions like hypohormic syndrome where social motives are reduced.

What is Will in the context of psychic functions?

The function rooted in consciousness that involves the management of desires.

What are quantitative changes in will?

Includes hypobulias (weakness of will) and abulias (loss of will).

Define impulsiveness as it relates to will.

Immediate reactions to stimuli without processing information.

What is catatonic syndrome?

A set of psychomotor activities weakened by voluntary influence, with hypo and hyperkinetic elements.

What are the mechanisms of memory classified by time?

Ultra-brief, brief, and permanent memory with respective mechanisms.

What is the significance of learning in memory?

Active memorization aimed at creating long-term memories.

What are the phases of thought processes indicated in disorders?

Pathological verbosity, accelerated/slowed thought, disorganized thinking.

What is the role of the hypothalamus in emotions?

It contains behavioral patterns related to emotional reactions.

What is one method to assess mood and affect?

Analyzing nonverbal messages and using specific psychological tests.

Define qualitative disorders of emotions.

Include paramimia, parathymia, which are typically associated with mental disorders.

What are the five types of social motives addressed?

Affiliative motive, motive for social position, motive for knowledge, self-affirmation motive, altruistic motive.

Identify characteristics of emotional (affective) insensitivity.

Defect in emotional relationship, often associated with schizophrenia.

What are hallucinations as they relate to perception disorders?

False perceptions where individuals experience sensory inputs without external stimuli.

Define cognitive operations involved in opinion formation.

Analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, and concretization.

What are the symptoms of quantitative disorders of instincts?

Conditions like anorexia and bulimia related to the instinct for nutrition.