________ seek to determine evolutionary relationships, or phylogeny, based on shared characteristics.
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Taxonomy
________ is the branch of systematics devoted to naming, describing, and classifying organisms.
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Homoplasy
The term ________ refers to superficially similar characters that are not homologous.
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Scientific
________ names allow biologists from different countries with different languages to communicate about organisms.
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Members of Archaea
________ and Bacteria are prokaryotes.
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DNA
Comparisons of nucleotide sequences in ________ and RNA, and of amino acid sequences in proteins, provide important information about how closely organisms are related.
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binomial system
In the ________ of nomenclature, the basic unit of classification is the species.
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node
The ________ represents the most recent common ancestor of the clade represented by the branches.
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Classification
________ is the process of arranging organisms into groups based on similarities that reflect evolutionary relationships.
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cladogram
In a(n) ________ each branch represents a clade, a group of organisms with a common ancestor.
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molds
The fungi, which include ________, yeasts, and mushrooms, absorb nutrients produced by other organisms.
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Molecular systematics
________ depends on molecular structure to clarify phylogeny.
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Cladists
________ use shared derived characters to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and diagram these relationships in cladograms.
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outgroup analysis
They use ________ to determine which characters in a given group of taxa are ancestral and which are derived.
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Outgroup
A(n) ________ is a taxon that diverged earlier than any of the other taxa being investigated.
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Polyphyletic group
A(n) ________ consists of organisms that evolved from different recent ancestors.
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Phylogenetic systematists
________ (cladists) use shared derived characters to determine relationships among groups of organisms.
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three domain classification system
The ________ assigns organisms to domains Archaea, Bacteria, or Eukarya.
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Node
Each ________, or branching point, represents the splitting of two or more new groups from a common ancestor.
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Systematics
________ is the scientific study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships.
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Flashcard (27)