Anatomy and Physiology I: Chemical Bonds and Energy

Vocabulary flashcards defining types of chemical bonds, chemical reactions, and forms of energy from the lecture transcript.

Nonpolar Covalent Bonds

Covalent bonds where there are no polarities, no dipoles, and no stronger or weaker side to the molecule.

Polar Covalent Bonds

Molecules that have dipoles with a stronger and a weaker side, which can partake in hydrogen bonding.

Hydrogen Bonds

An intermolecular force resulting from polar covalent molecules that creates surface tension and can break up ionic bonds.

Ionic Bonds

Bonds formed between a metal element and a nonmetal element where electrons are given away rather than shared.

Cation

A positively charged element or ion.

Anion

A negatively charged element or ion.

Reversible Reaction

A chemical reaction represented by two arrows, meaning the reaction can return from products back to reactants.

Irreversible Reaction

A chemical reaction represented by an arrow facing in only one direction.

Reactants

Chemical substances located on the backside of the arrow in a chemical reaction.

Products

Chemical substances produced on the front side of the arrow in response to a chemical reaction.

Potential Energy

Stored energy.

Kinetic Energy

Energy in motion, representing movement.

Electrical Energy

Energy generated by the movement of charged ions, including cations and anions.

Chemical Energy

Energy resulting from chemical reactions, such as combining baking soda and vinegar or Mentos and Diet Coke.

Mechanical Energy

Energy that is directly introduced into or transferred from one object to another.

Endergonic Reactions

Reactions that absorb energy, where you do not get as much energy produced as you put into it.

Exergonic Reactions

Reactions that release energy and form heat, such as body heat generated from running.