w19 liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas

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quadrant of the liver

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RUQ with some extension into LUQ

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what spinal level is the inferior angle of the liver found at

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L3

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72 Terms

1
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quadrant of the liver

RUQ with some extension into LUQ

2
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what spinal level is the inferior angle of the liver found at

L3

3
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describe the shape of the superior border of the liver

convex to conform to the shape of the right hemidiaphragm

4
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what does the liver do to the lung (in terms of position)

elevates the right lung

5
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shape of liver

wedge

6
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measurements of the liver

20cm across, 16cm tall, 13cm deep

7
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describe how the liver is divided

into two major and two minor lobes

8
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where is the right lobe found

lateral, RUQ

9
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which liver lobe is the largest

right

10
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where is the left liver lobe found

across midline and goes into the LUQ

11
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where are the minor lobes located

underside of the liver

12
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name the minor liver lobes

caudate, quadrate

13
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what structure separates the left and right liver lobes

falciform ligament

14
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where does the falciform ligament attach to (2)

anterior abdominal wall, diaphragm

15
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what structure separates the quadrate lobe from the left

ligamentum teres

16
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what structure separates the caudate lobe from the left

ligamentum venosum

17
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which structure delivers oxygenated blood to the liver

hepatic artery

18
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what is the hepatic artery a branch from

aorta

19
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role of hepatic portal vein

brings deoxygenated blood to the liver to be filtered

20
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the hepatic portal vein brings deoxygenated blood to the liver for filtering. where in the body does this blood come from (4)

GI tract, pancreas, spleen, gallbladder

21
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the hepatic portal vein is formed by the joining of which two vessels

splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein

22
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how are main hepatic ducts (aka right and left hepatic ducts) formed

small secondary/intrahepatic ducts join together to form the larger structure

23
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what structure do left and right hepatic ducts join to form

common hepatic duct

24
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what structure does the common hepatic duct join

cystic duct from the gallbladder

25
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the common hepatic duct + cystic duct =

bile duct

26
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what structure does the bile duct join

pancreatic duct

27
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bile duct + pancreatic duct =

hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

28
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where is the hepatopancreatic ampulla found

first part of duodenum

29
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role of the hepatopancreatic ampulla

contains a sphincter that controls drainage into the duodenum

30
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what is a cholangiogram

contrast media is introduced into the bile collecting system in order to better visualize it

31
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list 7 functions of the liver

produces bile, regulates blood clotting, detoxification, metabolism, produces blood plasma albumin, degrades old blood cells, breaks down metabolic by-products to a safe form

32
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what are the related structures to the superior surface of the liver

diaphragm

33
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what are the related structures to the right surface of the liver

diaphragm and costal cartilages

34
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what are the related structures to the anterior surface of the liver

diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall

35
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what are the related structures to the posterior surface of the liver

diaphragm, IVC, abdominal aorta

36
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what are the related structures to the inferior surface of the liver

right kidney, duodenum, hepatic flexure, gallbladder, stomach

37
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T or F: the liver is best visualized on xray

false; CT due to its density

38
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what is the purpose of an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

assess pathologies of the pancreatic head, pancreatic ducts, the bile duct, or common hepatic duct

39
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what will an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography show

stones, strictures, blockages, dilations, or lesions of the duct system

40
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steps of an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

fiber optic scope passed through the mouth to where the bile duct empties into the duodenum, catheter is placed, contrast media injected, stones can then be removed, stents or balloons can be placed if needed, the sphincter can be cut to make it wider

41
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steps of a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram

needle is inserted through the outer abdominal wall into the liver, contrast media is injected into hepatic ducts

42
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where is the gallbladder attached to

anterior surface of the liver

43
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what duct drains the gallbladder

cystic duct

44
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from the gallbladder, which direction does the cystic duct go

posteriorly

45
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gallbladder location of sthenic and hyposthenic patients

halfway between xiphoid and LCM (T11-L2)

46
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gallbladder location of hypersthenic patients

higher and to the right, lies horizontally

47
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gallbladder location of asthenic patients

lies lower and close to midline, vertically

48
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gallbladder size

7-10cm long, 3cm wide

49
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gallbladder volume

30-40ml of bile

50
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shape of gallbladder when its full

pear shaped

51
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name the parts of the gallbladder

fundus, body, neck

52
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what is the fundus of the gallbladder

rounded end

53
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what is the body of the gallbladder

middle portion

54
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what is the neck of the gallbladder

narrowed S shaped end that connects with the cystic duct

55
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function of the gallbladder

store and concentrate bile from the liver, release bile into the duodenum

56
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what structure keeps the cystic duct open to regulate bile flow

spiral valves

57
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T or F: spiral valves are present along the entire length of the cystic duct

true

58
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what are spiral valves of the cystic duct formed by

folds in the walls of the duct

59
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what two radiographic procedures do we do to view the gallbladder

sonography, fluoro

60
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where is the spleen found

LUQ, posterior to the stomach at ribs 9-11

61
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function of the spleen

cleans blood, filters old RBCs, destroys pathogens, stores platelets and releases them when we bleed

62
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shape of spleen

bean

63
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dimensions of the spleen

12.5cm long, 7.5cm thick, 3.5cm wide

64
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laterally, what does the spleen share a border with

abdominal wall

65
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medially, what does the spleen share a border with

adrenal gland, left kidney

66
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inferiorly, what does the spleen share a border with

splenic flexure

67
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superiorly and posteriorly, what does the spleen share a border with

diaphragm

68
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anteriorly, what does the spleen share a border with

stomach

69
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where is the pancreas located

extends transversely across the abdomen from duodenum to spleen at L1/2

70
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where is the head of the pancreas found

lies within the duodenal curve

71
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how long is the spleen

13cm

72
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role of the pancreas (endocrine and exocrine)

creates enzymes that aid in digestion, creates hormones that help regulate blood glucose