OB

Latent Phase (First Stage of Labor)

0-3 cm dilation; contractions are mild and irregular.

Active Phase (First Stage of Labor)

4-7 cm dilation; contractions are more intense and closer together.

Transition Phase (First Stage of Labor)

8-10 cm dilation; strong contractions, with the urge to push.

Second Stage of Labor

Begins at complete dilation and ends with the birth of the baby, focusing on pushing techniques and maternal positioning.

Third Stage of Labor

Delivery of the placenta occurs after the birth.

Fourth Stage of Labor

Postpartum recovery, monitoring for complications such as hemorrhage.

Contraction Frequency

How often contractions occur, measured in minutes.

Contraction Duration

How long each contraction lasts, measured in seconds.

Contraction Intensity

The strength of contractions, assessed with palpation (mild, moderate, strong).

Resting Tone

The state of uterine muscle between contractions; should be relaxed.

Preeclampsia

A pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in urine.

Signs of Preeclampsia

Headaches, vision changes, swelling, and abdominal pain.

Management of Preeclampsia

Close monitoring, antihypertensives, and magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis if severe.

HELLP Syndrome

A severe form of preeclampsia characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count.

Management of HELLP Syndrome

Delivery of the baby is the definitive treatment; monitor for liver rupture and other complications.

Initial Assessment of Newborn

APGAR scoring to evaluate newborn's health at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.

Importance of Newborn Warmth

Ensure the newborn is kept warm to prevent hypothermia.

Postpartum Priorities

Assessment of vital signs, uterine tone, lochia, and perineal care; emotional support; and education on infant care.

Postpartum Depression Monitoring

Monitor for signs of postpartum depression.