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What is the ‘Central Dogma’?
Replication, Transcription, Translation
What is a retrovirus?
A type of virus that uses reverse transcriptase to turn viral RNA into DNA.
Name an example of a retrovirus
HIV
What is a nucleoside?
An aldopentose sugar (a five carbon ring with a sugar attached) attached to a base.
What does a nucleoside bond to to create a nucleotide?
A phosphate group.
What is pyrimidine?
A six membered ring with two nitrogens and a carbonyl group.
Name two examples of pyrimidines.
Cytosine and Thymine.
What is a purine?
A five membered ring fused to a six membered ring with four nitrogens.
Name two examples of purines.
Adenine and Guanine.
What is a phosphodiester linkage?
A phosphate group forms two ester bonds.
How does uracil differ from the rest of the bases?
It is identical to thymine but has no methyl group.
Where is the glycosidic link?
Between the carbon on the 1’ position and the nitrogen.
Which base is this?
Adenine.
Which base is this?
Thymine.
Which base is this?
Guanine.
Which base is this?
Cytosine.
