GI Lab training - reviewed

[GT001] What does a sphincterotome do during ERCP?

It helps the doctor enter the duct and can use electrosurgery to cut the papillary sphincter, creating access for treatment.

[GT002] How can a sphincterotomy help the patient?

It can make stone extraction or other duct treatment possible, helping relieve an obstruction.

[GT003] What should be matched before opening an Autotome?

Exact catheter model, guidewire diameter and length, scope channel, electrosurgical cable, and planned task. RX and newer Pro RX specifications are not automatically interchangeable.

[GT004] What is an ERCP extraction balloon used for?

The doctor inflates it above material in a duct and draws it toward the outlet to sweep out stones or sludge.

[GT005] Is an extraction balloon the same as a dilation balloon?

No. Extraction balloons sweep material out; dilation balloons stretch a narrowing. Their inflation limits and intended uses differ.

[GT006] Why identify every extraction-balloon port before use?

The guidewire, contrast injection, and balloon inflation paths perform different jobs. Mixing them up can prevent function or cause injury; use the exact device diagram.

[GT007] What must be preserved when exchanging a sphincterotome for an extraction balloon?

Guidewire access to the intended duct while the outgoing catheter is removed and the next catheter is advanced.

[GT008] What should the team communicate during an ERCP accessory exchange?

Who controls the wire, which device is moving, and whether resistance or wire movement occurs. Pause if control or position is uncertain.

[GT009] How should the external guidewire be managed during an exchange?

Keep it controlled on the designated clean surface, protected from kinking and contamination. Do not tuck it under an arm or clamp it with an unapproved instrument.

[GT010] Why might the doctor exchange an extraction balloon back to a sphincterotome?

Further cannulation, contrast assessment, or additional sphincter therapy may be needed; the doctor determines the next step.

[GT011] Why are short-wire and long-wire exchanges not identical?

The wire exit, locking method, and amount of wire outside the patient differ. Use the exchange method for the catheter, wire, and scope system in use.

[GT012] What is the response to unexpected resistance during ERCP exchange?

Stop movement and tell the doctor. Reassess device alignment and wire position rather than overcoming resistance with force.

[GT013] What does a Hurricane biliary dilation balloon do?

It stretches a selected biliary narrowing so the duct can drain or accommodate subsequent treatment.

[GT014] Why does the inflation device have a pressure gauge?

Balloon diameter depends on its labeled pressure relationship. The operator must stay within the exact balloon's specifications.

[GT015] What must be confirmed before dilation-balloon inflation?

Correct balloon size and position, prescribed inflation medium, compatible inflation device, and the model's pressure limit. The doctor selects the dilation endpoint.

[GT016] Why is a biliary stent placed?

To maintain bile drainage across a blockage or help divert bile past a leak.

[GT017] What do the wire and pusher do during plastic biliary stent placement?

The wire guides the route; the pusher advances the stent. The doctor uses endoscopic and fluoroscopic views to judge placement.

[GT018] What belongs in the handoff after biliary stent placement?

Stent type, size, location, and the doctor's removal or exchange plan. Temporary stents must not be lost to follow-up.

[GT019] Why might a pancreatic duct stent be placed?

To support pancreatic drainage, treat a duct problem, or reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis risk in selected patients.

[GT020] Why confirm the exact pancreatic stent before loading it?

Diameter, length, flanges, shape, guidewire compatibility, and release method affect where it can be used and whether spontaneous passage is expected.

[GT021] Does a prophylactic pancreatic stent eliminate pancreatitis risk?

No. It reduces risk in selected cases; the team still needs the prescribed prevention plan and confirmation of passage or removal.

[GT022] What is the equipment goal in an emergency GI bleeding case?

Restore a usable view and have the selected hemostasis devices ready, while the clinical team manages resuscitation and airway needs.

[GT023] What tools may be needed for an esophageal food bolus or foreign body?

A retrieval net, grasper, or snare; a protective hood or overtube when appropriate. Object shape, location, and airway risk guide the doctor's choice.

[GT024] Why keep more than one type of hemostasis device available?

The bleeding pattern and tissue can make one method unsuitable or unsuccessful; the doctor may need a mechanical, thermal, injection, or topical option.

[GT025] Why inject epinephrine around an actively bleeding ulcer?

Local vasoconstriction and injection pressure can slow bleeding and improve the view for further treatment.

[GT026] Is epinephrine alone definitive therapy for an actively bleeding peptic ulcer?

It should be paired with another hemostatic method, such as a clip or contact thermal therapy, to reduce recurrent bleeding.

[GT027] What should be checked before passing an injection catheter?

Correct ordered solution and concentration, clear syringe labeling, the catheter's priming instructions, and a fully retracted needle during passage.

[GT028] Why does the doctor tattoo a GI lesion or resection site?

To leave a visible landmark that helps another endoscopist or surgeon find the intended location later.

[GT029] Why does tattoo position matter for future resection?

Tattoo injected in or directly under a lesion may cause fibrosis and complicate later lifting or dissection. The doctor chooses placement for the planned follow-up.

[GT030] What should accompany the record of an endoscopic tattoo?

Agent used, site, relation to the lesion, amount injected, and photos or a clear location description. A syringe's volume is not a standard patient dose.

[GT031] What is Eleview used for?

A submucosal injection creates a cushion beneath a lesion to support endoscopic removal.

[GT032] How does submucosal lifting help during resection?

It separates the target from the deeper muscle layer and helps the doctor capture or dissect the lesion more safely.

[GT033] Does a 10 mL Eleview container mean the patient receives 10 mL?

No. Container size and box quantity describe the supply. The doctor determines the amount needed for the lesion and follows the product instructions.

[GT034] What does EndoFLIP measure?

The diameter or cross-sectional area and pressure of a fluid-filled balloon, helping assess how a GI junction opens during distension.

[GT035] How can EndoFLIP benefit a patient with swallowing symptoms?

It adds information about junction opening and esophageal behavior that can help the doctor interpret symptoms and plan or assess treatment.

[GT036] What does the EndoFLIP distensibility index describe?

Cross-sectional area divided by balloon pressure, usually in mm²/mmHg. Interpretation depends on the protocol, catheter, anatomy, and other findings; one number alone does not diagnose achalasia.

[GT037] What is the difference between EF-322N and EF-325N?

EF-322N is a 16 cm measurement catheter; EF-325N is 8 cm. Their study protocols and fill limits are not interchangeable.

[GT038] How is EndoFLIP different from EsoFLIP?

EndoFLIP measurement catheters assess opening mechanics; EsoFLIP catheters are designed for dilation. Similar names do not mean identical devices or operating limits.

[GT039] What should replace remembered EndoFLIP fill and removal numbers?

Use the exact catheter and console instructions, confirm the ordered study protocol, and complete the prescribed deflation sequence before removal. Escalate equipment faults instead of attempting improvised repairs.

[GT040] How can ERCP supplies be organized by the planned task?

Access: catheter and wire. Imaging: contrast and fluoroscopy. Therapy: extraction, dilation, sampling, or stenting devices. Rescue: the team's required backup equipment.

[GT041] What should be verified about an ERCP scope's distal cover and elevator?

Use the exact scope model's required cover, attachment check, inspection, and reprocessing instructions; TJF models do not all share one design.

[GT042] What practical radiation habit belongs in ERCP setup?

Have the required protective equipment and dosimeter ready and follow the room's radiation-safety procedure during fluoroscopy.

[GT043] Why check suction and irrigation before the scope enters the patient?

They help maintain a clear view and remove fluid. Finding a connection or function problem before insertion avoids a delay during treatment.

[GT044] What is the purpose of a bite block in upper GI endoscopy?

It helps protect the scope and the patient's teeth while maintaining oral access; fit and placement still require attention.

[GT045] Should simethicone be added to every endoscopy water bottle by habit?

No. Use only the approved route, dilution, and compatible reprocessing policy for your unit and equipment.

[GT046] What equipment functions should be checked before an endoscopy case starts?

Image and light, air or CO2, irrigation, suction, and any planned electrosurgical or specialty system.

[GT047] Why identify the correct foot pedal before treatment?

Different pedals can activate different equipment or modes. The operator and assistant should agree on the connected system before activation.

[GT048] What should the assistant know from the time-out?

The patient and planned procedure, relevant alerts, expected therapy, and any equipment or specimen requirements that affect the case.

[GT049] What does a Bravo capsule tell the doctor?

It records esophageal pH over an extended period to assess acid exposure and its relationship to reported symptoms.

[GT050] What does Bravo not measure directly?

It does not directly detect every non-acid reflux event. Combined pH-impedance testing can answer different reflux questions.

[GT051] Why do recorder setup and the patient's diary matter in Bravo testing?

Correct recording and meal, posture, and symptom entries help the doctor relate pH changes to the patient's activities and symptoms.

[GT052] What MRI warning must accompany a Bravo study?

Medtronic restricts MRI for 30 days from the start of the study. If capsule passage has not been verified, the patient should contact the physician before MRI evaluation.

[GT053] Who decides whether acid-suppressing medicine is stopped for Bravo?

The ordering clinician sets an on- or off-treatment study. The patient follows those instructions; staff should not improvise a medication hold.

[GT054] What does a PolyLoop do for a pedunculated polyp?

A detachable nylon loop tightens around the stalk to help prevent or control bleeding associated with polyp removal.

[GT055] What is the key updated PolyLoop HX-400U-30 handling warning?

Do not force the slider against resistance. Keep the proximal sheath straight and avoid pulling the yellow joint away from the handle and prematurely tightening the loop.

[GT056] What backup must be available for PolyLoop HX-400U-30 use?

The Olympus loop cutter specified in the updated guidance. Staff should review the device's current instructions and the November 2025 customer notice.

[GT057] Why is bedside precleaning done immediately after endoscopy?

It starts removing soil before it dries and makes subsequent cleaning more difficult.

[GT058] Does bedside precleaning make a scope ready for the next patient?

No. The required leak testing, manual cleaning, disinfection or sterilization, drying, and storage process still follows.

[GT059] Why should CF, PCF, GIF, SIF, and TJF scopes not share one memorized cleaning recipe?

Their channels, valves, adapters, and distal designs can differ. Use the current reprocessing manual for the exact model.

[GT060] What extra channels require attention in the EUS scopes in this deck?

Balloon-related channels, and the GF-UCT180's elevator-wire channel. Follow the channel map for the exact model.

[GT061] Why do the two stages of an EUS scope valve matter during cleaning?

They serve different flow paths. Operating only one stage can leave another required channel untreated.

[GT062] What should happen if pre-use inspection finds a blocked EUS channel or faulty air/water function?

Remove the scope from clinical use and follow the facility's escalation and Olympus instructions before it is used again.

[GT063] What does X-Tack do?

It places small helical anchors joined by suture to pull GI tissue together, for example around a resection defect.

[GT064] What does the cinch do in an X-Tack closure?

It secures the tensioned suture and cuts excess suture, maintaining the tissue approximation.

[GT065] Why can three reloads still mean a four-tack X-Tack system?

One tack is preloaded on the delivery system and three additional tacks are supplied as reloads in the kit shown in your deck.

[GT066] What must be checked before selecting an X-Tack cinch?

The exact gastric or colonic system, required working length, and current compatible cinch part number. Your reference and the reviewed eIFU list differing gastric cinch numbers, so verify the supplied labeling.

[GT067] Is X-Tack a substitute for every hemostasis or closure device?

No. The reviewed eIFU excludes treatment of acutely bleeding ulcers. Closure suitability depends on the defect and current labeling; tack approximation is not the same mechanism as needle-based full-thickness suturing.

[GT068] What is the purpose of C2 CryoBalloon ablation?

It freezes selected abnormal GI surface tissue through a balloon in contact with the treatment area.

[GT069] How is C2 CryoBalloon different from liquid-nitrogen spray cryotherapy?

The C2 system shown uses nitrous oxide within a balloon; truFreeze sprays liquid nitrogen and uses a separate gas-venting strategy.

[GT070] What should be confirmed for a C2 CryoBalloon case?

Exact catheter and controller, compatible scope channel, intended treatment area, and the current dosing and thawing protocol. Do not reuse a screenshot's freeze time for every patient.

[GT071] What does OverStitch let the doctor do?

Place endoscopic sutures to approximate tissue, including selected full-thickness closure and other specialized treatments.

[GT072] What is the tissue helix used for during endoscopic suturing?

To engage and draw tissue toward the suturing device so the doctor can take the intended tissue bite.

[GT073] Does every OverStitch system require a dual-channel scope?

No. The older system in your screenshots uses a dual-channel setup; OverStitch NXT is designed for compatible single-channel gastroscopes.

[GT074] What equipment matching matters before an OverStitch case?

System generation, approved scope model, suture, tissue-acquisition accessory, and cinch. A similar-looking accessory is not proof of compatibility.

[GT075] Why might botulinum toxin be injected at the lower esophageal sphincter?

To relax the sphincter and temporarily improve swallowing in selected patients with achalasia, especially when more durable treatments are unsuitable.

[GT076] Is pyloric botulinum toxin a routine recommended gastroparesis treatment?

The ACG 2022 guideline recommends against routine intrapyloric injection based on randomized trials. A specific case requires the treating clinician's rationale.

[GT077] Why is a Botox instruction in mL alone incomplete?

Volume does not state the drug dose. Confirm the exact product, prescribed units, reconstitution, and final concentration with the authorized medication team.

[GT078] Why is cyanoacrylate glue used for some gastric varices?

It solidifies within the varix to obstruct blood flow and help control bleeding.

[GT079] What major problems can occur with variceal glue injection?

Embolization and unintended adhesion, including a blocked or stuck catheter and scope damage. Preparation and delivery require a specialist protocol.

[GT080] Why should the old glue-mixing card not be used as a recipe?

It combines conflicting diluents and flushes without one validated protocol. Confirm the exact product, indication, catheter, preparation, and rescue plan; U.S. GI use may be off-label for the supplied glue.

[GT081] What is Captivator EMR designed to do?

Perform ligation-assisted mucosal resection in the upper GI tract.

[GT082] What is happening during band-assisted EMR?

The doctor draws target tissue into a cap, bands it to form a raised pseudopolyp, then uses a snare to remove the selected tissue.

[GT083] Why must each Captivator EMR specimen be retrieved and labeled carefully?

Pathology needs the tissue and its location to assess the lesion and completeness of removal; photographs alone cannot provide that assessment.

[GT084] How does esophageal variceal banding control bleeding?

A band compresses the captured varix, stopping flow through that treated segment.

[GT085] Why may a patient need more than one variceal-banding session?

Several varices or residual veins may need treatment; the clinician arranges further eradication and follow-up.

[GT086] What must be checked before setting up a banding kit?

Exact kit, scope fit, band count, loading and release method, and latex labeling. Cook and Speedband systems are not interchangeable setup recipes.

[GT087] Why use an overtube during selected retrieval procedures?

It provides a protected passage for repeated scope or object removal and can help limit mucosal injury.

[GT088] Does an overtube replace airway management?

No. Aspiration risk and the need for intubation are separate clinical decisions.

[GT089] What should be checked for an overtube before use?

Correct length and scope compatibility, integrity, and the specific lubrication and assembly instructions. Stop if unexpected resistance occurs.

[GT090] What is the purpose of a foreign-body retrieval hood?

It helps cover a sharp or irregular object during withdrawal to protect the surrounding GI lining.

[GT091] Why must the hood fit be checked before insertion?

An unsuitable or insecure attachment may impair vision, fail to cover the object, or detach.

[GT092] What product detail matters when a patient has latex allergy?

The exact hood's latex labeling. Do not assume all hoods are latex-free because they have the same purpose.

[GT093] What is OTSG Xcavator used to remove?

Bulky material such as necrotic tissue, clots, food boluses, or foreign bodies.

[GT094] How does the OTSG Xcavator help preserve the working channel?

Its grasper is controlled externally, leaving the channel available for suction, irrigation, or another instrument.

[GT095] Is OTSG Xcavator a hemostatic clip?

No. It is an over-the-scope grasping device; OTSC is a separate clip system used for selected bleeding or closure problems.

[GT096] What does an over-the-scope clip capture?

A larger volume of tissue within a cap before clip deployment, supporting selected hemostasis and defect closure.

[GT097] Why might the doctor request a Twin Grasper or Anchor for OTSC?

These accessories help bring the intended tissue into the cap before the clip is released.

[GT098] What should be agreed immediately before OTSC release?

The target tissue is correctly captured, unintended tissue is excluded, and the doctor is ready. Release is a consequential step, not a test of the handle.

[GT099] How does FTRD remove a full-thickness specimen while limiting an open wall defect?

The doctor draws tissue into the cap, closes the base with the clip, and then resects the captured tissue with the snare above the closure.

[GT100] How can FTRD benefit a selected patient?

It can remove or sample a suitable lesion endoscopically when standard superficial resection is unsuitable, potentially avoiding surgery.