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1. A food assemblage that includes olives, pita bread, cheese, figs, lamb, and wine is most associated with which of the following?
B. Greece
2. A set of economic and political relationships that organizes food production from the development of seed to marketing the products is known as
D. Agribusiness
3. According to Carl Sauer, which of the following is true about plant domestication?
B. It first occurred in diversified habitats with a variety of species.
4. According to the theory of environmental determinism, which of the following areas would have the most productive settlements?
B. Temperate Regions
5. Which of the following agricultural practices has the most significant long-term environmental impact in tropical regions?
C. Burning extensive areas of forested land to create pasture, which decreases biodiversity
6. Which of the following best explains the potential impact of rising global temperatures on agricultural regions?
C. Polar regions will dry out, making cultivation impossible.
7. Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory?
B. Rural-to-urban migration increasing the population density to eastern China
8. Which of the following best explains why farmers would plant both strawberries and watermelons in the same field?
E. Limited farmland encourages intensive farming with intercropping to produce high yields.
9. Which of the following best explains the importance of climate to agricultural practices?
A. Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China.
10. Based on the different types of land use shown in the image, which of the following best explains why soil salinization is a concern in the arid landscape shown?
C. Irrigation increases the salt content of the soil, which disrupts the growth of crops and degrades soil fertility.
11. Palm oil, an edible vegetable oil used in processing packaged food products, is obtained from the fruit of the oil palm tree, grown only in the tropics. Which of the following explains how global demand for palm oil has proved beneficial and detrimental for countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia?
C. Palm oil exports provided substantial corporate profits, but the growth in the industry resulted in heavy deforestation in both countries.
12. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images?
B. Compared to plain milk or fresh fruit, these value-added agricultural goods significantly increase the price of the farm products sold and increase earnings for farmers.
13-18. FRQ
FRQ
19. Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia?
B. Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals.
20. The two images represent two different methods of raising livestock in the United States. Which of the following statements most accurately compares these two agricultural practices?
D. Feedlots can minimize costs associated with livestock production because feedlots do not use as much space as cattle ranching.
21. Which of the following best explains how the expansion of feedlots for raising cattle has affected environmental sustainability in rural areas?
B. Runoff from animal waste has increased the pollution in local water supplies.
22. Genetic engineering of agricultural crops has primarily increased the productivity of modern farming by
C. increasing plants' drought resistance and resistance to pests
23. Which of the following explains an impact of globalized agricultural commodity chains on consumers as compared to producers?
A. Drought and depletion of groundwater sources in developing countries cause a rise in global grain prices and associated higher costs for food.
24. In less developed countries, pesticides are typically applied by hand, whereas pesticides are typically applied by tractors or aircraft in more developed countries. Which of the following best explains the risks associated with pesticide applications?
C. Farmers' health is at risk in less developed countries, whereas environmental pollution is a risk in more developed countries.
25. Between 1950 and 1990, wheat production in India in average pounds per acre more than tripled, which allowed India to meet its population's need for food. Which of the following best explains this change?
E. The use of improved plant hybrids and agricultural chemicals
26. During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultural yields?
C. The Green Revolution was not successful in China because the strain of rice produced was prone to widespread crop failures, and China dropped out of the program.
27. Green Revolution technology has resulted in which of the following in modern agriculture?
A. The development of high-yield grains and the expansion of cultivated areas
28. Why have many family farms in North America been replaced by agribusiness farms since the 1980s?
B. Agribusiness farms have the resources to take advantage of economies of scale.
29. Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products?
A. Sheep production is an example of intensive agriculture requiring large amounts of fertilizer, whereas poultry production is an example of extensive agriculture practiced mainly in more developed countries.
30. Land parcels in the American Midwest tend to be rectilinear because
A. the federal survey system adopted in the late eighteenth century imposed a geometric pattern on the landscape
31. Nomadic pastoralism is an extensive agricultural system practiced
A. in the dry regions of Africa and Asia
32. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange?
B. The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication.
33. Which of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication?
C. Both domesticated plants and animals spread across the globe through contagious diffusion in early years by farmers and traders, and later by relocation diffusion through European exploration and colonialism.
34. Production of agricultural products destined primarily for direct consumption by the producer rather than for market is called
C. subsistence agriculture
35. Which of the following explains the significance of the similarities between Asia and sub-Saharan Africa in terms of the percent of women working agriculture?
B. In the subsistence-based rural economies in these regions, female farmers produce much of the food that their families need for survival.
36. Based on the map, which of the following explains the similarities of the world regions where at least 51 percent of women work in agriculture?
E. These regions Northeast Asia, Eastern Europe, South Africa are composed of less-developed countries with large rural populations.
37. Compare the two maps and examine the data for Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Which of the following statements is supported by the comparison of the two maps?
B. Many women in these regions work on farms and grow food for their families, but not all are paid to do this work.
38. Which of the following is the best example of extensive land use in agriculture?
D. A sheep ranch
39. Which of the following is a characteristic of shifting cultivation?
E. Multicropping
40. Which of the following includes the world's earliest centers of plant domestication?
B. Northeast Asia, Eastern Europe, South Africa
41. Von Thünen emphasized which of the following factors in his model of agricultural land use?
B. Transportation cost
42. Which of the following correctly explains the placement of an agricultural product within von Thünen's agricultural land-use model?
D. Tomatoes are grown closest to the market because they spoil quicker than beef or grain.
43. Based on the diagram of von Thünen's model of agricultural land use, which statement best explains the connection between land value and agricultural production regions?
D. Grain crops require extensive acreage and are grown on land that is less costly and farther away from the market than other agricultural land uses.
44. Based on von Thünen's model of rural land use in an isolated state, which statement explains the most suitable place for a farmer to purchase a large parcel of land necessary for raising livestock?
E. The ring farthest from the market, because the land is less expensive and outweighs transportation costs to get the livestock to market.
45. Which of the following activities is most likely to be found in the outermost zone of von Thünen's model of agricultural land use?
E. Extensive grain or stock raising
46. Which of the following developments is predicted by the von Thünen model of land use around cities?
A. Large-scale growing of flowers and vegetables in the Netherlands
47. The industrialization and mechanization of agriculture in the United States during the past 70 years have resulted in
A. a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the size of farms
48. Which of the following social or environmental impacts is most directly related to the use of chemicals in agriculture?
E. An increase in land and water pollution from agricultural runoff
49. FRQ
FRQ
50. The above map shows von Thünen's model applied to a map of the contiguous United States. Which of the following realities would NOT be accounted for by the theoretical predictions shown on the map?
D. Florida's government has a Department of Citrus.
51. In the South Asian country of Sri Lanka, tea is farmed as a monoculture. Which of the following best explains why tea plantations are common in Sri Lanka and tea exports are important to the country's economy?
B. Tea plantations are a traditional form of subsistence agriculture practiced by Sri Lanka's indigenous groups.
52. Subsistence agriculture is always characterized by
C. production only for family consumption
53. Which of the following is an explanation for the similar impact of large-scale commercial agriculture in developed countries and plantation agriculture in developing countries?
B. Both farming practices involve the consolidation of family farms and displacement of rural communities.
54. Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming?
E. Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products.
55. FRQ
FRQ
56. Which of the following best explains the differences between the patterns of land use in the township-and-range system and the long-lot system, as shown in the images?
C. The long-lot survey system created a more uniform division of land, while the township-and-range survey system conformed to physical features on the landscape.
57. Which of the following best explains the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two land survey systems shown?
C. Both systems require geometric calculations to survey property lines. However, only properties surveyed with the metes-and-bounds system can be subdivided into smaller plots.
58. The two images represent different agricultural land survey patterns. Comparing the two images, which survey system was more efficient in terms of trade?
A. The river in the long lot survey system provided better access to waterways to transport goods to market.
59. The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions?
D. The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce
60. The images show devices developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution. Which of the following best describes the impacts of the Second Agricultural Revolution?
D. Technological innovations, such as the devices shown in the images, and increased agricultural productivity led to better diets, longer life expediencies, and more people available for work in factories.
61. The two images show different agricultural methods. In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images?
D. The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted.
62. Which of the following explains the role of commodity chains in the average size of farms?
C. Commodity chains have led to changes in the spatial organization of agriculture from dispersed family farms to large corporate farms that produce, process, and distribute the products.
