EXAM: chemistry
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361 Terms
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7\.4 in
What would be an appropriate measurement using this ruler?
3 in
8\.75 in
9\.236 in
7\.4 in
3 in
8\.75 in
9\.236 in
7\.4 in
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12\.7 mL
What would be an appropriate measurement using this graduated cylinder?
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meter (m)
What is the SI unit for length?
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kilograms (kg)
What is the SI unit for mass?
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kelvin (K)
What is the SI unit for temperature?
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seconds (s)
What is the SI unit for time?
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SI
Scientists all over the world have agreed on a single measurement system-most other units are derived from these 7 units
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derived units
Combinations of SI base units
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square meter (m^2)
What is the derived unit for area?
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volume (m^3)
What is the derived unit for volume
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kilograms per cubic meter (Kg/m^3)
What is the derived unit for density?
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kilograms per mole (kg/mol)
What is the derived unit for molar mass?
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joule (J)
What is the derived unit for energy?
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international system of units
What does SI stand for when discussing units?
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accuracy
Refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured
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precision
Refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way
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both
Accurate, precise, both, or neither?
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precise
Accurate, precise, both, or neither?
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neither
Accurate, precise, both, or neither?
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accurate
Accurate, precise, both, or neither?
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Percent error=
|experimental-accepted|
__________________ x(100)
Accepted
|experimental-accepted|
__________________ x(100)
Accepted
How do you calculate percentage error?
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precise but not accurate
3 different people weigh a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obstains a reading of exactly 4.32 g for the mass. These results imply that the measurement was…
both accurate and precise
accurate but not precise
precise but not accurate
neither accurate nor precise
both accurate and precise
accurate but not precise
precise but not accurate
neither accurate nor precise
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true
True or false? All non-zero digits count as significant figures
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yes (ex has 3 sf) (other ex has 5 sf)
Are zeros appearing between nonzero digits significant? (ex: 40.7 L) (ex: 87009 km)
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no (ex has 5 sf) (other ex has 1 sf)
Are zeros appearing in front of all nonzero digits significant? (ex: 0.095897 m) (ex: 0.0009)
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yes (ex has 3 sf)
Do trailing zeros count as significant figures when the number contains a decimal point (ex:1.00\*10^2)
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yes (ex has 4 sf) (other ex has 10 sf)
Are zeros at the right end of a number significant? (ex: 85.00) (ex: 9.000000000)
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yes (ex has 3 sf)
Do trailing zeros count as significant figures when the number does not contain a decimal point (ex: 100.)
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0\.00045
convert 4.5\*10^-4 out of scientific notation
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3\.2\*10^6
3200000 in scientific notation
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5\.028\*10^-9
0\.000000005028 in scientific notation
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91761000
convert 9.1761 × 10^7 out of scientific notation
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d=m/v
How do you calculate density?
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d=m/v
How do you calculate mass?
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d=m/v
How do you calculate volume?
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1\.1 g/cm^3
A student measures out 1.5 grams of sodium chloride. The volume is measured to be 1.404 cm3. What is the density?
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1\.03 g/mL
An empty graduated cylinder weighs 104.90 grams. A chemist adds 73.5 mL of dilute hydrochloric acid, and it now weighs 180.32 grams. What is the density of the hydrochloric acid?
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290 g
A copper cube has a density of 8.96 g/cm^3. The cube is measured to be 3.2 cm on each side. What is the mass?
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3\.76%
A student measures the temperature of a liquid with a faulty thermometer, recording a temperature of 314.3 K. Upon repeated measurements by the rest of the class, the temperature is found to be 302.9K. What is the percent error of the first student's measurement?
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mole (mol)
What is the SI unit for the amount of something?
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physical change
Affects the form of a substance but its identity remains the same
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physical change
physical change or chemical change? water freezing into ice
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physical change
physical change or chemical change? salt water
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chemical change
physical change or chemical change? cooking eggs
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chemical change
Affects the chemical identity; the substance changes identities
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chemical property
physical property or chemical property? Flammability
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chemical property
physical property or chemical property? Combustibility
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physical property
physical property or chemical property? Texture
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physical property
physical property or chemical property? Solubility
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It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape.
Which statement describes why malleability is a physical property?
It is a physical property because it changes the state of the substance.
It is a physical property because it alters only the flammability of the substance.
It is a physical property because it rearranges the substance’s molecules into a new substance.
It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape.
It is a physical property because it changes the state of the substance.
It is a physical property because it alters only the flammability of the substance.
It is a physical property because it rearranges the substance’s molecules into a new substance.
It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape.
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physical change
physical change or chemical change? Calcium hydroxide dissolves in water.
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chemical change
physical change or chemical change? Baking soda reacts with vinegar, producing bubbles.
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chemical change
physical change or chemical change? You add two colorless solutions together and the resulting solid is red.
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chemical change
physical change or chemical change? A propane grill is lit, producing a flame.
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physical change
physical change or chemical change? Dry ice sublimes from solid to gas.
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physical property
A property that can be measured or observed without changing the identity of matter
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Length
Color
Density
Mass
Elasticity
Pressure
Volume
luster
Color
Density
Mass
Elasticity
Pressure
Volume
luster
What are the 8 physical properties?
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chemical property
A property that can be determined by attempting to change the identity of a substance, but it cannot be determined simply by observing the substance
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Production of a new gas (bubbles-not boiling)
Production of heat/light
Production of a precipitate (formation of a new solid)
Change of color
Production of heat/light
Production of a precipitate (formation of a new solid)
Change of color
What are the 4 signs of a chemical reaction?
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are rearranged during the change.
When a chemical change occurs, atoms…
are destroyed by the change.
could be created or destroyed.
are rearranged during the change.
are created by the change.
are destroyed by the change.
could be created or destroyed.
are rearranged during the change.
are created by the change.
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Dissolving of a solid
Which one is not one of the four signs of a chemical change?
Production of heat and light
Dissolving of a solid
Formation of a gas
Formation of a precipitate
Change in color
Production of heat and light
Dissolving of a solid
Formation of a gas
Formation of a precipitate
Change in color
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solid
The state of matter that has a definite shape and volume, and the particles in this state are also closely packed together and orderly.
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liquid
The state of matter that has a definite volume and an indefinite shape is, and the particles in this state are in close contact, but randomly arranged and able to flow.
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gas
The state of matter that has no definite volume or shape, and the particles in this state are not in contact and are very randomly arranged and move chaotically.
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It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape.
Which statement describes why malleability is a physical property?
It is a physical property because it changes the state of the substance.
It is a physical property because it alters only the flammability of the substance.
It is a physical property because it rearranges the substance’s molecules into a new substance.
It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape
It is a physical property because it changes the state of the substance.
It is a physical property because it alters only the flammability of the substance.
It is a physical property because it rearranges the substance’s molecules into a new substance.
It is a physical property because it changes only the substance’s shape
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solid
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liquid
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gas
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Its atoms are destroyed.
Solid potassium reacts with bromine gas to form solid potassium bromide. Which one of the following is not true of bromine gas?
It undergoes a chemical change.
It is a reactant.
Its atoms are destroyed.
It is an element.
It undergoes a chemical change.
It is a reactant.
Its atoms are destroyed.
It is an element.
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extensive property
Depends directly on the amount of substance present
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extensive property
extensive property or intensive property? temperature
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intensive property
Does not depend on the amount of the substance present
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extensive property
extensive property or intensive property? Boiling point
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extensive property
extensive property or intensive property? concentration
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extensive property
extensive property or intensive property? luster
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intensive property
extensive property or intensive property? weight
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intensive property
extensive property or intensive property? length
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intensive property
extensive property or intensive property? volume
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intensive property
extensive property or intensive property? energy
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matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)
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mass
A measure of the amount of matter in an object
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volume
The amount of space an object takes up
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kilogram
What is the common unit for measuring mass?
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cubic meters
What is the common unit for measuring volume?
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element
A substance that is made up of only one type of atom and can not be broken into a smaller substance by chemical means
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compound
A substance that can be broken down into smaller substances by chemical means
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pure substance (92 naturally occurring elements)
Matter that always has exactly the same composition
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mixture
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
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b
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a mixture of molecules
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e
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a mixture of elements
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a
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a solid compound
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c
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a solid element
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f
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a gaseous element
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d
a, b, c, d, e, or f? a gaseous compound
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homogenous mixture
a physical blend of substances that appears the same throughout
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solution
What is another name for a homogenous mixture?
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heterogeneous mixture
a physical combination of substances that is noticeably different throughout.
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homogenous
if a mixture is uniform in composition, so that it's parts will never settle out, it is said to be _____________
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intensive
intensive or extensive? Magnetism
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intensive
intensive or extensive? Luster