Protestant Reformation, Inquisition, and Cultural Developments

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These flashcards cover key concepts and terms related to the Protestant Reformation, Inquisition, early modern medicine, and cultural developments in Europe.

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10 Terms

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Protestant Reformation

A religious movement initiated by Martin Luther that led to the establishment of Protestantism and significant changes in Christianity.

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Vernacular Bible

A Bible translated into the common language of the people, allowing wider access and understanding of religious texts.

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Great Peasants’ War

A peasant uprising from 1524 to 1525 in the Holy Roman Empire, sparked by religious reform and social injustice.

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Twelve Articles

A document listing peasant demands for rights and reforms during the Great Peasants' War.

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Inquisition

A church court system aimed at rooting out heresy, prevalent in Spain, Portugal, and later in colonial territories.

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Auto-da-fé

A public ritual of confession and punishment for those accused of heresy during the Inquisition.

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Converso/Conversa

Jewish or Muslim converts to Christianity, often suspected of secretly practicing their original faith.

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Jesuits (Society of Jesus)

Catholic missionaries known for their educational and missionary work, particularly in India.

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Kristapurana

A Christian theological text written by Jesuit Thomas Stephens, blending Christian themes with Indian literary styles.

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Four Humors

Ancient medical theory proposing that health is governed by four bodily fluids: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile.