Cardiovascular (heart) Unit

Ventricle

Atrium

Coronary sinus

Auricle

Ventricle

Carotid arteries

Subclavian arteries

Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary arteries

Subclavian arteries

Left ventricle

Auricle of the right atrium

Right ventricle

Auricle of the left atrium

Left ventricle

B

C

Pulmonary semilunar (SL) valve

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Tricuspid valve

Aortic semilunar (SL) valve

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Aortic valve

Tricuspid valve

Mitral valve

Pulmonary valve

Aortic valve

C

Aortic arch

Descending aorta

Ascending aorta

Inferior vena cava

Descending aorta

E

Which layer is made of dense irregular connective tissue?

Fibrous pericardium

Endocardium

Epicardium

Myocardium

Fibrous pericardium

Which is NOT a vessel that brings blood directly into the right atrium?

pulmonary vein

superior vena cava

coronary sinus

inferior vena cava

pulmonary vein

The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to

expand the thoracic cage during diastole

accommodate a greater volume of blood

pump blood with greater pressure

pump blood through a smaller valve

pump blood with greater pressure

What is the sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle?

1. AV node

2. AV bundle

3. SA node

4. Through the atria

5. Through the ventricles

6. Bundle branches

7. Purkinje fibers

O f, g, d, c, b, a, e

d, b, a, c, f, g, e

c, d, a, b, f, g, e

c, d, a, f, b, g, e

c, d, a, b, f, g, e

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at any one time?

1

2

None of the choices is correct.

4

2

Which vessel(s) of the heart receive(s) blood from the right ventricle?

aorta

pulmonary trunk

pulmonary veins

venae cavae

pulmonary trunk

The fossa ovalis appears just above the opening of the coronary sinus within the

right ventricle.

left atrium.

left ventricle.

right atrium.

right atrium.

The serous fluid within the pericardial cavity works to

equalize the pressure in the great vessels.

slow the heart rate.

lubricate membranes of the pericardium.

eliminate blood pressure spikes.

lubricate membranes of the pericardium.

Which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Pulmonary trunk

Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary arteries

Superior vena cava

Pulmonary veins

The foramen ovale of the fetal heart is an opening in the

fossa ovalis.

interatrial septum.

interventricular septum.

aorticopulmonary septum.

interatrial septum.

Which correctly describes the heart's apex?

Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the midline of the body

Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body

Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body

The function of the coronary sinus is to

guide the inferior vena cava into the right atrium.

guide the aorta out of the heart.

take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium.

connect the top and bottom halves of the heart.

take blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium.

Which heart chambers contain deoxygenated blood?

Left ventricle and right ventricle

Left atrium and left ventricle

Right atrium and right ventricle

Right atrium and left ventricle

Right atrium and right ventricle

The heart valves

stabilize and hold the arteries leaving the heart.

permit the passage of blood in one direction.

are only used in the fetal heart.

separate the right and left sides of the heart.

permit the passage of blood in one direction.

If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from

an inadequate supply of lactic acid

a decrease in the number of available mitochondria for energy

production

decreased delivery of oxygen

a lack of nutrients to feed into metabolic pathways

decreased delivery of oxygen