Physical Environment: Force and Pressure

Vocabulary flashcards covering the fundamental concepts of force and Sir Isaac Newton's three laws of motion as described in the lecture transcript.

Force

An influence required to move a stationary object, change the direction of motion, accelerate or decelerate an object, or change its shape.

Newton's First Law

The principle stating that if a body is at rest or its velocity is not changing, then either no force is acting on it or the net effect of different forces acting on it is zero.

Newton's Second Law

The principle stating that the greater the force applied on a body, the greater is the rate of change in velocity, also known as acceleration.

Newton's Third Law

The principle stating that when one body applies a force on another body, the second body applies an equal and opposite force on the first.

Action and Reaction

The terms used to describe the equal and opposite forces that occur when one body applies a force on another, as described by Newton's third law.

Measurement of Force

Determined by finding the acceleration produced in a body; mathematically expressed as $\text{Force} = \text{mass of the object} \times \text{acceleration produced in it}$.

Acceleration

The rate of change in velocity of a body, which increases as the force applied to the body increases.