GENCHEM 1 (RETAKE)

Ions

It is a group of atoms that has positive or negative charge.

Atoms

It doesn’t have overall charge but it has number of protons.

Positive means?

Doesn’t have and lose electrons

Negative means?

Gain electrons

Monoatomic Ions

Consist of atom only

Polyatomic Ions

Consist of two or more atoms

Cations

It has positive charge that’s a metal but loses electrons

Anion

It has negative charge that’s a nonmetal but gain electrons

Naming Cations

Copy the element’s name + ions

Naming Anions

Add -ide to the name of the element

CMN = Same

Cations, metal, no electron = same name + ion

ANG = ide

Anions, nonmetal, gain electrons and add -ide

Classical Method

Use latin with prefix -ous -ic

Stock Name

Use roman numerals of element’s charge

Polyatomic Ions

Made up of 2 or more ions that has NO OXYGEN

NH+4 (Ammonium)

The only positive charge with no oxygen in Basic Chemistry

Oxyanions

It is a type of polyatomic ions that HAS OXYGEN and ALWAYS NEGATIVE that bonded with a central atom (nonmetal ALWAYS).

Central Atoms

Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphate, Chlorine, Carbon, Bromine and Iodine

H2O+ (Hydronium)

The only positive charge that has oxygen in Basic Chemistry

Naming polyatomic ions

Use the prefix -ite or -ate on the SECOND element.

Naming oxyanions

Use the prefix -ite and -ate but this time it has -hypo and -per

Ionic and Covalent Compound

Type of Compounds

Ionic Compound

metal + nonmetal

Covalent/Molecular Compound

nonmetal + nonmetal

Naming Binary Ionic Compound

Copy the metal’s name + ide for the nonmetal (if it’s exactly 2) like NaCl

Naming Ionic Compound