W9 Review - HES 105

A person is cycling at a steady state with a HR of 120 bpm. With some invasive measurements we determine that their cardiac output is 12 L/min. This means their stroke volume must be ____ mL.

100

At rest, heart rate is established by the __________ nervous system.

parasympathetic

What factors trigger increased SNS outflow and/or decreased PSNS outflow?

fear, limb movement, remains motionless but planning how you are about to execute a complex movement

During exercise, most systems are being controlled predominantly by the ______ nervous system.

sympathetic

When light exercise begins, initial increases in HR are brought about by what?

decreased parasympathetic stimulation to the SA node

what do we know about SNS activity during exercise?

It steadily increases as exercise intensity increases.

What factors occur during cardiovascular drift after an extended period of heavy exercise?

increase in HR

What variables increase rapidly when exercise starts?

Q, HR, SV

If Q increases and MAP doesn't change, TPR must ______.

decrease

If TPR increases and Q stays the same, MAP must ______.

increase

Myocardial work increases when HR and/or _____ increase.

SBP (systolic blood pressure)

Which variables INCREASE during aerobic exercise?

SBP, MAP, RPP

What happens to BP during resistance exercise?

SBP an DBP increases, Bp is much higher than during aerobic exercise, BP increases because Q increases and TPR doesn’t drop to offset

What is blood vessel diameter controlled by?

autonomic nervous system, intrinsic metabolic control

What factors contribute to an INCREASE in stroke volume?

increase in EDV and decrease in ESV

What is preload most closely associated with?

EDV

T or F? An increase in skeletal muscle pump would lead to a decrease in EDV.

F

What has the most direct effect on ESV?

contraction force

What affects cardiac contractility?

balance of SNS/PSNS activity

What does afterload directly influence?

ESV

T or F? An increase in HR helps to increase preload?

F

What factors are INCREASED during aerobic exercise compared to the rest?

EDV, afterload, contraction force