Clinical Correlations of the Lower Limb

A set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key clinical correlations of the lower limb from the lecture notes.

Meralgia paresthetica is caused by compression of the nerve (L2–L3).

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2–L3)

Symptoms of meralgia paresthetica include pain, burning sensation, or paresthesia along the thigh.

lateral

Friction bursitis can involve deposition of deposits within inflamed bursae.

calcium

Ischial bursitis is inflammation of the bursa between the tuberosity and the gluteus maximus.

ischial

Trochanteric bursitis is inflammation of the bursa between the greater and the gluteus maximus.

trochanter

Femoral hernia occurs when abdominal contents herniate through the canal.

femoral

Corona mortis refers to bleeding risk due to an aberrant artery coursing along the lacunar ligament.

obturator

Fasciotomy to relieve intracompartmental pressure involves releasing the fascia.

crural (deep) fascia

Psoas abscess can spread infection into the femoral triangle area via its sheath.

fascial

Achilles tendinitis can be non-insertional or insertional; non-insertional tends to occur in individuals, insertional in older/less active individuals.

younger, active

Avulsion fracture where adductor muscles pull on the pubis is an avulsion of the .

pubis

Hamstrings avulse the tuberosity.

ischial

Iliopsoas avulses the lesser .

trochanter

Hip extenders and lateral rotators avulse the greater of the femur.

trochanter

Rectus femoris avulses the .

AIIS

Sartorius/TFL avulse the .

ASIS

Common proximal femur fractures include transcervical (neck), intertrochanteric, and intracapsular. Specifically, is the transcervical type.

transcervical (neck)

Direct trauma in younger individuals can cause fractures through the , such as spiral fractures.

shaft

A transverse 'boot top' fracture with shortening due to of fracture fragments.

overriding

Talar neck fractures can result from severe .

dorsiflexion

Os Trigonum results from a secondary center of ossification on the talus' tubercle that can fail to fuse.

lateral

Os Trigonum is more prevalent bilaterally; soccer players and dancers.

ballet

Intraosseous infusion is delivered into the medullary cavity; must be replaced with a central line within hours.

24

Proximal tibia provides easy IO access due to thin skin and prominent landmarks.

bony

Femoral artery cannulation is performed just inferior to the midpoint of the ligament.

inguinal

The great saphenous vein is used in bypass; its removal causes blood to drain to deep veins.

veins

A femoral nerve lesion in the pelvis causes loss of leg .

extension

Obturator nerve entrapment causes loss of thigh and anesthesia of inferomedial thigh.

adduction

Superior gluteal nerve lesion leads to Trendelenburg gait due to weakness of the muscle.

gluteus medius

Inferior gluteal nerve lesion results in a gait.

gluteus maximus

Sciatic nerve lesions can cause deficits in downstream distributions of the common fibular and nerves.

tibial

Tibial nerve lesion at the superior aspect of the popliteal fossa causes loss of most plantarflexors and digit flexors, weakened , and loss of most intrinsic foot muscles.

inversion

Common fibular nerve lesion causes loss of dorsiflexors and digit extensors, foot everters, and weakened .

inversion