Lecture 16 Terms

Fungi - Lecture 16

Fungus

organisms in the kingdom fungi, mushroom, yeasts, etc.

Hyphae

branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus

Coenocytic hyphae

hyphae that is not separated by septum

Septate Hyphae

hyphae that are separated into many sections by septum

Karygoamy

fusion of nuclei (zygotes, diploid cells are formed)

Playsmogamy

fusion of cytoplasm (hyphae become heterokaryotic)

Heterokaryotic

different nuclei in the same cell

Fruiting body

spore-producing organ of a fungus, seen on a mushroom or a toadstool

Mitosis

when parent cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells

Meiosis

formation of haploid spores

Chytridiomycota

clade of fungi. Synap: flagellated spores (zoospores)

Zoospore

asexual spores in certain algae, fungi, protozoans

Zygomycota

clade of fungi. Bread mold

Zygosporangium

diploid reproductive stage in the life cycle of many fungi (contains zygospores)

Glomeromycota

clade of fungi. form mycorrhizae in a plant

Mycorrhizae

fungus+root=mycorrhizae. enhances nutrient and water uptake by a host plant by exploiting a larger volume of soil than roots alone

Ascomycte

clade of fungi, cup-shaped ascocarp

Ascocarp

fruiting body with asci (containing spores)

Lichen

the symbiosis between an ascomycete fungus and an algae or cyanobacterium

Basidiomycota

clade of fungi, fungi composed of hyphae

Basidium

spore-bearing structure produced by certain fungi