Elements of prose fiction

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56 Terms

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omniscient

third person story; narrators knowledge is unlimited

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limited omniscient

third person; narrative voice is associated with a character who cannot see all/know al

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interior monologue

first person; train of thought is overheard by the reader

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subjective narration

first person; narrator seems unreliable and tries to get reader on their side

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memoir or observer narration

first person; narrator is observer and not main participant (eyewitness or chorus); narrator can be reliable or unreliable

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innocent eye/naive narrator

story told by a child; different judgemet than an adult

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stream of consiousness

author traces his or her thoughts into the text; author’s exact thoughts

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objective or dramatic*

opposite of omniscient; displays an objectivity; very little of past or future; most action and dialogue

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framed narrative

explains genesis and gives perspective on the main narrative or narratives that follow (frankenstein)

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integral setting

setting is fully described - tima and place; usually in historical fiction

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backddrop setting

vague and general setting - universal, timeless take

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local color

use of regional details to add interest and meaning to the story

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regionalism (regional literature)

description of a region vecomes a necessary part of the work

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conflict

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parallel plot

follows multiple storylines which are tied together through an event (finding nemo)

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exposition

introduces charaters and setting

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inciting incident

creates central conflict or struggle

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rising action

events leading up to the climax; introduces subplots

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diversion

any episode prior to climax not contributing directly to climax

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climax

crisis reaches its highest; turning point

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falling action

resolution begis

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denouement

resolution of events

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rags to riches

plucky but downtrodden hero meets his or her true potential

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tragedy

riches to rags; brave but downtrodden hero fails to meet his or her potential

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man in a hole, icarus, cinderella, oedipus

f

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flashbacl

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foreshadowing

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happy ending

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tragic or unhappy endings

many life events sdo not end peacefully —> unhappy endings emulate life better; forces reader to contemplate

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suspense

excitement or tension as the plot unforld

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artistic unity

nothing in the story is irrelevant

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deus ex machina

plot device in which something appears out of the blue to help a charater overcome a difficulty

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expository/direct presentation

described and explained by the narrator; characteriation

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dramatic/indirect presentation

actions show the kind of person a character is

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flat

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two dimensional characters

used as vessels to carry out plot

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stock

borrowed personage or archetype; related to steryotype

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steryotype

character so little individualized to show qualities of a group

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universal

characters with problems and triats common to all humanity

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individual

a more eccentiric and unusual rep of character

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protagonist

principle figure

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antaginist

character with whom the protagonist is engaged in a struggle

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confident for confidante

chafacter in whom (usually protagonist) confides

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foil

secondary character serving as a backdrop for a more imp character

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anthromorphic characterization

characterizatio of animals, ojects, or natural phenomena as ppl

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animal charactaer

personified to create particular effects; metaphoric connections to human traits

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diction

word choice; formal/informal

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sentence struction

simple/complex

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syntax

sentence patterns of language; grammatical and ungrammatical arrangements of words

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language

abstracr or concrete

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dialogue

either more dialogue than description or dialogue limited to certain characters

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imagery

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allegory

second meaning beneath the surface

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editorializing

narrator’s commenting on the story to instruct the reader how to feel or respond to a situation in the story

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poeticising

narrator’s use of heightened and distended language to accomplish particular effects

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sentimentality

cheap way of trying to create emotion w/ the reader