research methods final remediation

correlation between all variables

All the following are the main characteristics of a true experimental design EXCEPT

manipulation

randomization

correlation between all variables

use of a control group

It is written in the future tense

Read the participant section of the following manuscript for a completed study and identify the problem.

"Participants are adults who meet the criteria for voice disorders. The convenience sample includes 18 men and 26 women. Participants with current alcohol or drug problems or a history of psychosis will be excluded."

It is boring

Toom much details

The language is unclear

It is written in the future tense

Please read the following statement and indicate which information is missing regarding this measure (multiple answers may apply).

"The SWAL-QOL (8-10) is 44-item self-administered questionnaire. It is a widely-used measure of swallowing-related quality of life, consisting of 11 domains. Items are responded to on a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire total score ranges from 0 to 100. The SWAL-QOL was referenced against the MDADI to establish criterion validity."

a. The variable being measured

b. A citation for the measure if it is published

c. How many items there are

d. A sample item

e. What higher and lower scores mean

f. Research or data supporting the reliability of the measure

g. Research supporting the validity of the measure

effectiveness

A researcher is interested to know if a new stuttering treatment has enhanced benefits in real clinical settings compared with the existing programs. Which title fits best with his research question?

Comparing the efficacy of a novel stuttering therapy with the traditional approach

Comparing the effectiveness of a novel stuttering therapy with the traditional approach

Comparing the efficiency of a novel stuttering therapy with the traditional approach

Any of the above titles can be used.

B: Highest, C: Lowest ***

Which of the following treatment studies are the highest and lowest level of evidence?

A) Systematic reviews of cohort studies

B) Systematic reviews or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials

C) Systematic reviews of case-control studies

D) Systematic reviews or meta-analyses of nonrandomized controlled

D: highest, C: Lowest

B: Highest, A: Lowest

D: Highest, A: Lowest

B: Highest, C: Lowest

a, c, e

Which of the following are problems when writing the results section? (multiple answers may apply)

a. Discussing or interpreting your results.

b. Inclusion of non-textual elements, such as figures, charts, photos, maps, tables, etc. to further illustrate the findings, if appropriate.

c. Ignoring negative results

d. Focusing only on findings that are important and related to addressing the research problem.

e. Reporting background information or attempting to explain your findings

A and C

Which domain(s) is (are) missing in traditional clinical management when compared with evidence-based practice?

Best research evidence

Clinical expertise

Patient values

A and C

A and B

Some clinical practice guidelines are detailed

Which of the following is a fact (not a myth) regarding evidence-based practice?

Evidenced-based on opinion is best

Textbooks contain high levels of evidence

Some clinical practice guidelines are detailed

Clinical experience is not relevant to evidence-based practice

Read the following abstract and identify the level of evidence based on ASHA (2005)

Ia: Well-designed meta-analysis of >1 RCT

Ib: Well-designed RCT

IIa: Well-designed experimental study without randomization

IIb: Well-designed quasi-experimental study survey

III Well-designed nonexperimental studies

They do not formulate their questions correctly in the first place

Why is it that many clinical researchers experience problems in answering their research questions?

They do not formulate their questions correctly in the first place

Because the researchers lack experience

It isn't necessary to have a research question in the first place

They find it difficult to understand the literature

Facility maintenance

All the following are examples of direct costs in grants EXCEPT

Personnel

Travel

Facility maintenance

Equipment