Studied by 25 people
Harlow
Social psychologist who looked at the need to belong and the importance of maternal touch
Experiment: Monkey isolated Wire mom v. Towel mom brought out mostly goes to towel mom for comfort and everything else, but for milk they go to wire mom
Mere Exposure Effect in Attraction
Idea that repeated exposure to stimulus leads to greater liking
Similarity/Complementarity in Attraction
Tendency to seek out others with characteristics that are different from and complement their own
Reproductive Fitness
Averageness: more average, more attractive
Bilateral Symmetry: symmetrical = less abnormalities = healthier mate
Benefits of Attractiveness
More popular More potential romantic partners Can make more money
Evolutionary Perspective on Attraction and Mate Choice
If "healthy" = attractive = more offspring
Modern Racism
Prejudice directed at racial groups, alongside rejection of racist beliefs
"subtle" racism
Economic Perspective of Racism
Prejudice is a result of different social groups competing over scarce resources
Realistic Group Conflict Theory
Group conflict, prejudice & discrimination are likely to arise over competition between groups for limited resources
Economic: fight over what's left Realistic: fight over what's given
Robbers Cave Experiment
Proves that limited resources do lead to discrimination and prejudice
Teamwork and common goal removes it
Superordinate Goals in Reduction of Prejudice
Groups need to feel equal in status Shared goals Social norms Must support intergroup contact One on one interactions
Minimal Group Paradigm
An experimental paradigm in which researchers create groups based on arbitrary and seemingly meaningless criteria and then examine how the members of these “minimal groups” are inclined to behave toward one another
In group preferred
Social Identity Theory in Prejudice
The idea that a person’s self-concept and self-esteem derive not only from personal identity and accomplishments but also from the status and accomplishments of the various groups to which the person belongs
"Basking in Reflected Glory"
Taking pride in other people's glories
Cognitive Perspective of Prejudice
Prejudice born from schemas learned from ingroup and ingroup and outgroup difference
Distinctiveness and Illusory Correlation in Prejudice
Maintained false beliefs about a group as it is easy to remember pairing two distinct events
Encountering minority group members and observing negative behavior are both less frequent events than observing majority group members and positive behaviors, so it may be easier to remember examples of minorities doing negative things
Priming and Prejudice
The presentation of information designed to activate a concept (such as a stereotype) and hence make it accessible; the stimulus presented to activate the concept in question
Prejudice is born from this, ex: people associate dangerous words and weapons faster when shown a face of a black man rather than a white man
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Belief about what will happen drives the actions that make that outcome ultimately come true
Stereotypes also can endure because they “benefit” from this.
Stereotype Threat
Fear of confirming the stereotypes others have about one's group
i.e women taking a test confirming their gender did worse than when they did not confirm gender on test
Obedience
Milgram Experiment
Conformity
Changing behavior or belief due to outside or imagined influence
Normative Social Influence
Influence someone has over you as you try to avoid disappointing them
Informational Social Influence
Taking what someone else said as a source of information as to what is correct, proper, and effective
Ideomotor Action
Thinking about a behavior will make it more probable to happen
Norm of Reciprocity
Feeling to provide a benefit to someone who benefited you
Foot in the Door
Make small request followed by a larger request later
Door in the Face
Make a large request, followed by a smaller request after
Deindividuation
Becoming so immersed in the norms of the group that you lose your sense of identity and sense of awareness
i.e lynch mobs
Spotlight Effect
Individuals conviction that other people are paying attention to them (to their appearance and behavior) more than they actually are
Self-Awareness Theory
A theory maintaining that when people focus their attention inward on themselves, they become concerned with self-evaluation and how their current behavior conforms to their internal standards and values
Criticism
Four Horsemen of Apocalypse Toxic Communication Styles
Pointing out every negative little thing
Defensive
Four Horsemen of Apocalypse Toxic Communication Style
Not taking any responsibility
Stonewalling
Four Horsemen of Apocalypse Toxic Communication Style
Dismissive, closing off from speaker, shutting down
Contempt
Four Horsemen of Apocalypse Toxic Communication Style
"Doesn't matter anyways" mindset, treating others with disrespect, being mean
Note 
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