biology carbs

Define organic molecules

Molecules that contain carbon atoms, usually bonded to hydrogen, and may also contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus.

Define monomers

A small molecule that is a single unit of a larger molecule called polymer

Define macromolecule

A very large molecule often formed by polymerisation

Define polymers

A long chain molecule made up of many smaller ,repeating monomer units joined together by chemical bonds

Why is carbon important in biology?

Carbon can form four covalent bonds and bond with other carbon atoms to form chains, branches, and rings, allowing a wide variety of molecules.

How many bonds does carbon form?

Four covalent bonds.

Remember to say covalent

What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?

• Organic: contain carbon (usually with hydrogen)

• Inorganic: do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds (e.g. CO₂, water)

what type of molecule is glucose ?

Glucose is a monosaccharide

What two molecules form sucrose ?

Sucrose is formed from glucose and fructose joined together by a glycosidic bond.

Why is glucose important in cells ?

Glucose is used directly in respiration to release energy (ATP).

Use the words directly and atp

General formula for monosaccharides and ratio

(CH2O)n

This means CHO are in ratio 1:2:1

n is the number of carbons

What does ribose mean

Five carbon sugar found in RN

What does de oxy mean

Without oxygen or absence of oxygen

What is a Penrose sugar ?

A monoscaaride with five carbon atoms and general formula c5h10O5

.monosaccharide

.five carbon atoms

What is ribose and where is it found ?

Ribose is a Penrose sugar found in RNA

What is a deoxyribose

A Penrose sugar found in DNA

What is a expose sugar

A monoscarride with 6 carbon atoms