LAB EXAM MASTER LIST (Labs 10–13)

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key terms, results, and concepts related to the LAB EXAM.

Strict aerobe

Grows only at the top.

Strict anaerobe

Grows only at the bottom.

Facultative anaerobe

Grows throughout, more at the top.

Microaerophile

Grows just below the surface.

Aerotolerant

Grows evenly everywhere.

E. coli oxygen type

Facultative anaerobe.

Bacillus subtilis oxygen type

Aerobe.

Clostridium sporogenes oxygen type

Strict anaerobe.

Acidophile

Grows at low pH.

Neutrophile

Grows at neutral pH.

Alkaliphile

Grows at high pH.

E. coli pH type

Neutrophile.

Staph aureus pH type

Neutrophile.

Alcaligenes faecalis pH type

Alkaliphile.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae pH type

Acidophile.

Psychrophile

Cold-loving.

Mesophile

Middle/body temperature loving.

Thermophile

Heat-loving.

E. coli temperature type

Mesophile.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae temperature type

Mesophile.

Geobacillus stearothermophilus temperature type

Thermophile.

Zone of inhibition

Clear no-growth area.

Susceptible

Big zone.

Intermediate

Medium zone.

Resistant

Small/no zone.

Pure culture

Required for accurate results.

Broad-spectrum

Works on Gram+ and Gram–.

Narrow-spectrum

Works on few bacteria.

Cell wall inhibitor

Antibiotic blocking cell wall (penicillin).

Protein synthesis inhibitor

Antibiotic blocking ribosomes (tetracycline).

DNA/RNA inhibitor

Antibiotic blocking nucleic acids (rifampin).

Antiseptic

Used on skin.

Disinfectant

Used on surfaces.

Bactericidal

Kills bacteria.

Bacteriostatic

Slows growth.

Sterilization

Kills all microbes and spores.

Disinfection

Kills most microbes (not spores).

Decontamination

Makes object safe.

Antisepsis

Reduces microbes on skin.

A positive (A+) result

Zone present.

A negative (A neg) result

No zone.

Strongest disinfectant

Bleach.

Strongest antiseptic

Iodine.

Most resistant organisms

Pseudomonas & Mycobacterium.

Phenol red A positive

Yellow (acid).

Phenol red AG positive

Yellow + gas.

Phenol red negative

Red/pink (no fermentation).

TSI A/A

Ferments all sugars.

TSI K/A

Ferments glucose only.

TSI K/K

No sugar fermentation.

TSI gas

Cracks/bubbles.

TSI H2S

Black.

MR positive

Red.

MR negative

Yellow.

VP positive

Red band.

VP negative

No red.

Citrate positive

Blue.

Citrate negative

Green.

SIM H2S positive

Black.

SIM indole positive

Red ring.

SIM indole negative

No red ring.

SIM motility positive

Cloudy.

SIM motility negative

Growth only in stab line.

Starch positive

Clear zone.

Starch negative

Dark blue/black.

Gelatin positive

Liquid.

Gelatin negative

Solid.

Urea positive

Hot pink.

Urea negative

No color change.

Casein positive

Clear zone.

Casein negative

No zone.

Lipid positive

Clear zone.

Lipid negative

No zone.

Catalase positive

Bubbles.

Catalase negative

No bubbles.

Oxidase positive

Purple.

Oxidase negative

No purple.

E. coli profile

Lactose+, gas+, MR+, indole+, citrate neg, urea neg, H2S neg, motile.

Enterobacter profile

Lactose+, VP+, citrate+, indole neg, motile.

Klebsiella profile

Lactose+, VP+, citrate+, nonmotile.

Proteus profile

H2S+, urea+, motile, lactose neg.

Salmonella profile

H2S+, MR+, citrate+.

Pseudomonas profile

K/K, oxidase+, citrate+, non-fermenter.

Staph aureus profile

Catalase+, yellow colonies.

Enterococcus profile

Catalase neg.

Bacillus profile

Spores+, starch+.

Recognizing yellow broth

Acid.

Bubble in Durham tube

Gas.

Recognizing red broth

No fermentation.

TSI black butt

H2S.

TSI cracks

Gas.

TSI yellow

Acid.

TSI red

Alkaline.

SIM black

H2S.

SIM red ring

Indole+.

Urea pink

Urease+.

Citrate blue

Citrate+.

Starch clear zone

Amylase+.

Casein clear zone

Caseinase+.