Second Shelf Words

A comprehensive vocabulary list covering medical, nautical, literary, and general terms from the provided lecture transcript.

Mandible

The jaw.

Laceration

A deep cut or tear in skin or flesh.

Palpate

To examine by touch, especially for medical purposes.

C note

A $100$ dollar bill.

Debauchery

overindulgence in sensual pleasures

Frigid

very cold in temperature

Metanoia

A change in one's way of life resulting from penitence or spiritual conversion; means repentance.

Disposition

a persons inherent qualities if mind and character; the way in which something is placed or arranged

Masticate

To chew.

Table (verb)

In conversation, meaning to set aside for later consideration; for example, "let's table this."

Stick n move

A boxing technique where the fighter jabs or uses long-range punches and then quickly evades.

Annex

To append or add as an extra or subordinate part, especially to a document. (e.g. annexing 500 sq feet to an existing property)

Je t'Aime (juh-tame)

i love you in french

Ameliorate

To make (something bad or unsatisfactory) better.

Stymie

prevent or hinder the progress of

Abdicate

(1) (of a monarch) renounce one's throne.

(2) fail to fulfill or undertake (a responsibility or duty).

Memento Mori

A Latin phrase meaning "remember death" or "remember you must die."

Predilection

A preference or special liking for something; a bias in favor of something.

Undergird

secure or fasten from the underside, especially by a rope or chain passed underneath. provide support or a firm basis for.

Paragone

a debate during the Italian Renaissance in which painting and sculpture (and to a degree, architecture) were each championed as forms of art superior and distinct to each other.

Tableau vivant

a silent and motionless group of people arranged to represent a scene or incident.

• French, literally ‘living picture’.

Tokenism

the practice of making only a perfunctory or symbolic effort to do a particular thing, especially by recruiting a small number of people from underrepresented groups in order to give the appearance of se*ual or racial equality within a workforce.

Portico

a structure consisting of a roof supported by columns at regular intervals, typically attached as a porch to a building.

Antechamber

a small room leading to a main one. 

• Like a vestibule i guess

Wunderkind

A person who achieves great success when relatively young.

Fine motor skills

involve small, precise movements using hand/finger muscles (writing, grasping)

Gross motor skills

use large muscles for bigger actions (walking, running, jumping). Gross skills develop first

Pendulum

(1) a weight hung from a fixed point so that it can swing freely backward and forward, especially a rod with a weight at the end that regulates the mechanism of a clock.

(2) used to refer to the tendency of a situation to oscillate between one extreme and another. "the pendulum of fashion"

Debutant

(1) a person making a first appearance in a career or in fashionable society

(2) someone making a debut

debutante

(1) historical an upper-class young woman making her first appearance in fashionable society.

(2) a woman making her first public appearance, especially in sport. Basically feminine version of debutant

Cadaver

A corpse, especially one intended for use by medical students.

Moccasin

(1) a soft leather heelless shoe or boot with the sole brought up the sides of the foot and over the toes where it is joined with a puckered seam to a U-shaped piece lying on top of the foot

(2) this one specific snake, search it up if needed

• Adjective: moccasined

Portent

(1) a sign or warning that something, especially something momentous or calamitous, is likely to happen. "they believed that wild birds in the house were portents of death"

(2) future significance. "an omen of grave portent for the tribe"

(3) literary an exceptional or wonderful person or thing.

Portend

be a sign or warning that (something, especially something momentous or calamitous) is likely to happen

Harbinger

someone or something that foreshadows a future event : one that gives an anticipatory sign of what is to come

• Can also be used leaning more into a pioneer instead of just an omen

Germinate

(1) (of a seed or spore) begin to grow and put out shoots after a period of dormancy.

(2) cause (a seed or spore) to germinate

(3) come into existence and develop.

Forebode

(1) (of a situation or occurrence) act as a warning of (something bad).

(2) have a presentiment of (something bad).

Caltrop

a spiked metal device thrown on the ground to impede wheeled vehicles or (formerly) cavalry horses.

Affront

(1) an action or remark that causes outrage or offense. "he took his son's desertion as a personal affront"

(2) offend the modesty or values of. "she was affronted by his familiarity"

Third place

In sociology, the third place refers to the social surroundings that are separate from the two usual social environments of home ("first place") and workplace ("second place").

Examples of third places include churches, cafes, bars, clubs, libraries, gyms, bookstores, hackerspaces, stoops, parks, and theaters, among others.

Gentry

(1) upper or ruling class

(2) a class whose members are entitled to bear a coat of arms though not of noble rank

(3) people of a specified class or kind; folks

Buoyancy

(1) the ability or tendency to float in water or air or some other fluid.

(2) the power of a liquid to keep something afloat.

(3) an optimistic and cheerful disposition.

(4) a high level of activity in an economy or stock market.

Avulsion

(1) medicine the action of pulling or tearing away.

(2) law the sudden separation of land from one property and its attachment to another, especially by flooding or a change in the course of a river.

Accretion

(1) the process of growth or increase, typically by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.

(2) a thing formed or added by gradual growth or increase.

Menage

household

Zest

(1) great enthusiasm and energy.

(2) the outer colored part of the peel of citrus fruit, used as flavoring.

(3) scrape off the outer colored part of the peel of (a piece of citrus fruit) for use as flavoring.

Titillate

(1) stimulate or excite (someone), especially in a sexual way.

(2) archaic lightly touch; tickle.

• Titillating

Assonance

in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible

• "The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain"

Diphthong

(1) a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another (as in coin, loud, and side )

(2) a digraph representing the sound of a diphthong or single vowel (as in feat ). (3) a compound vowel character; a ligature (such as æ ).

• In “coin” you hear the “oh” and “ee” sound for the oi when you say the word slowly

• In “loud” you hear the “ah” and “oo” sound for the ou when you say the word slowly

• In “side” you hear the “ah” and “ee” sound for the i when you say the word slowly

Digraph

(1) a combination of two letters representing one sound, as in ph and ey.

(2) a character consisting of two joined letters; a ligature.

Ligature

(1) a thing used for tying or binding something tightly.

(2) a cord or thread used in surgery, especially to tie up a bleeding artery.

(3) a character consisting of two or more joined letters, e.g. æ, fl.

• Also a verb

Consonance

(1) agreement or compatibility between opinions or actions.

(2) the recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity (chiefly as used in prosody).

(3) music a combination of notes which are in harmony with each other due to the relationship between their frequencies.; as opposed to dissonance in a chord

• Norm the worm took the garden by a storm

• Mike likes his new bike

Prosody

(1) the patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry.

(2) the patterns of stress and intonation in a language.

• "the translator is not obliged to reproduce the prosody of the original"

• Prosody examples involve using pitch, stress, and rhythm (loudness/duration) to change meaning, like saying "I love you" happily versus sarcastically, or distinguishing "ENtrance" (a doorway) from "enTRANCE" (to fascinate).

• Key examples include: questions rising in pitch (e.g., "You're going?"), emphasis changing meaning ("She didn't say he stole it" vs. "She didn't say he stole it"), and the "music" of language conveying emotion or intent beyond words.

Notwithstanding

in spite of

Tap/Knock code

The tap code, sometimes called the knock code, is a way to encode text messages on a letter-by-letter basis in a very simple way. The message is transmitted using a series of tap sounds, hence its name.

The tap code has been commonly used by prisoners to communicate with each other. The method of communicating is usually by tapping either the metal bars, pipes or the walls inside a cell.

• The tap code is based on a Polybius square using a 5×5 grid of letters representing all the letters of the Latin alphabet, except for K, which is represented by C.

• Each letter is communicated by tapping two numbers, the first designating the row and the second (after a pause) designating the column. 

• The letter "X" is used to break up sentences, 

• and "K" for acknowledgements (find reputable secondary source to verify this use of K).

Dilettante

a person having a superficial (surface level) interest in an art or a branch of knowledge

Wanton

(1) (of a cruel or violent action) deliberate and unprovoked.

(2) a second definition relating to something sexual but Merriam Oxford and Cambridge made it a little hard to decide

• Wantonly, wantonness

Malcontent

a person who is not satisfied with the way things are, and who complains a lot and is unreasonable and difficult to deal with; rebellious; dissatisfied and complaining or making trouble.

Alacrity

promptness in response : cheerful readiness / speed and eagerness/interest

• alacritous

Brevity

shortness of duration especially : shortness or conciseness of expression

Bullion

(1) gold or silver in bulk before coining, or valued by weight.

(2) ornamental braid (not hair btw) or trimming made with twists of gold or silver thread.

Duplicity

(1) contradictory doubleness of thought, speech, or action; dishonest talk or behavior, especially by saying different things to two people

(2) might be archaic the quality or state of being double or twofold

Gander

(1) an adult male goose

(2) look, glance

Red herring

something that distracts attention from the real issue; can be intended to be misleading or distracting.

Duress

(1) forcible restraint or restriction

(2) compulsion by threat

Touchstone

An established standard or principle by which something is judged.

Relegate

To consign or dismiss to an inferior rank or position.

Disparage

to speak slightingly about (someone or something) : to belittle the importance or value of (someone or something)

Deference

respect and politeness (+maybe yielding), especially for an elder/superior

Inflection point

(1) mathematics a point of a curve at which a change in the direction of curvature occurs.

(2) a moment when significant change occurs or may occur : turning point

Allegory

(1) a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.

(2) a symbolic representation

Voyeur

someone who obtains sexual gratification from observing unsuspecting individuals who are partly undressed, naked, or engaged in sexual acts: basically a peeping tom

• Voyeurism

Chambermaid

a maid who makes beds and does general cleaning of bedrooms (as in a hotel)

Ditto

used to agree with something that has just been said, or to avoid repeating something that has been said

Procure

(1) to get possession of (something) : to obtain (something) by particular care and effort

(2) to get a prostitute for someone else to have sex with; procurer/pimp

Top off

(1) to end (something) usually in an exciting or impressive way

(2) to fill (something) completely with a liquid, especially a partially filled cup or gas tank

a la

in the style or manner of +often used with dishes as well

• In restaurants, à la carte is the practice of ordering individual dishes from a menu in a restaurant, as opposed to table d'hôte, where a set menu is offered

• a la mode - (1) in fashion (2) served with ice cream

Obstetrics

The branch of medical science dealing with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

Embolden

to instill with boldness, courage, or resolution +enough to overcome timidity or misgiving

Feint

a mock blow or attack on or toward one part in order to distract attention from the point one really intends to attack

Gray rocking/gray rock method

a communication pattern to deliberately act unresponsive and uninterested to encourage disengagement with difficult people.

Refuse

the worthless or useless part of something; trash

• Noun and adjective

Barometer

(1) an instrument for determining the pressure of the atmosphere and hence for assisting in forecasting weather and for determining altitude

(2) something that indicates/reflects changes/fluctuations (as in public opinion)

• Tap barometer before making a reading (for accuracy i think)

• In general, a rising barometer means improving weather. In general, a falling barometer means worsening weather. A rapid fall indicates a storm

Ephemera

items (such as posters, broadsides, and tickets) originally meant to be discarded after use but that later become collectibles

• (my) Bag of gifts!

Periphery

(1) the outer limits or edge of an area or object.

(2) a marginal or secondary position in, or part or aspect of, a group, subject, or sphere of activity; the less important part of a group or activity

Parturition

Childbirth.

Candor

the quality of being open, honest, and sincere 

• “I appreciate your candor”

Nickel and dime

(1) to damage someone or something either by taking away many small amounts of money or by giving too much attention to details (e.g. tiny bank transaction fees, restaurants charging for Wi-Fi)

(2) used to describe something that is not important, usually because it does not involve much money; small time

Collate

(1) collect and combine (texts, information, or sets of figures) in proper order

(2) compare and analyze (texts or other data)

• Collation is also the light meal allowed during fasts in Catholicism

Obviate

to (+anticipate and) remove a difficulty/need, especially so that action to deal with it becomes unnecessary 

• The new medical treatment obviates the need for surgery

Apiary

a place where bees are kept especially : a collection of hives or colonies of bees kept for their honey

• Apiarist - beekeeper

Malaise

In medicine, malaise is a feeling of general discomfort, uneasiness or lack of wellbeing and often the first sign of an infection or other disease. Can be economic as well

Eureka

“i have found it”

• attributed to Archimedes who reportedly proclaimed "Eureka! Eureka!" after he had stepped into a bath and noticed that the water level rose, whereupon he suddenly understood that the volume of water displaced must be equal to the volume of the part of his body he had submerged. He then realized that the volume of irregular objects could be measured with precision, a previously intractable problem. He is said to have been so eager to share his discovery that he leapt out of his bathtub and ran naked through the streets of Syracuse. Archimedes' insight led to the solution of a problem posed by Hiero of Syracuse, on how to assess the purity of an irregular golden votive crown

• You know how they like to make stuff up though

Extrapolate

to predict by projecting past experience or known data; to project, extend, or expand (known data or experience) into an area not known or experienced so as to arrive at a usually conjectural knowledge of the unknown area

Interpolate

(1) to alter or corrupt (something, such as a text) by inserting new or foreign matter

(2) to insert (words) into a text or into a conversation

(3) to insert between other things or parts

(4) to estimate values of (data or a function) between two known values

Port and starboard

nautical terms for watercraft, aircraft and spacecraft, referring respectively to the left and right sides of the vessel, when aboard and facing the bow (front).

• Stern is the back of a ship btw

list to (some direction)

To tilt or veer toward a particular side or direction.

• The boat began listing to starboard after all the crew and passengers crowded to see the whales on that side of the boat.

• He let go of the steering wheel and the car listed to the left.

Bow frog

is the end part of a stringed musical instrument's bow that encloses the mechanism responsible for tightening and holding the bow hair ribbon. Most of the bow frogs used in today's classical bows are made of ebony

• Playing near the frog usually gives a stronger, louder, more controlled sound.

• Playing near the tip (top of the bow) often gives a lighter, softer, more delicate sound.

Atrium

(pl.: atria or atriums)[1] is a large open-air or skylight-covered space surrounded by a building.[2] Atria were a common feature in Ancient Roman dwellings, providing light and ventilation to the interior.

• Also the name of part of the heart

Abrogate

(1) to officially end a law, agreement, or custom; to abolish by authoritative action : annul (2) to avoid something that you should do 

• The company's directors are accused of abrogating their responsibilities.