Roman Empire and Islam Expansion Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts about the Roman Empire, the transition to the Byzantine Empire, the rise of monotheistic religions, and the significant advancements during the Islamic Golden Age.

Roman Empire

A prominent empire that spread across Europe, Africa, and Asia over about 500 years.

Constantinople

The capital city moved by Constantine, originally known as Byzantium.

Diocletian

The Roman emperor who split the empire into four regions.

Byzantine Empire

The eastern half of the Roman Empire which became known after the split.

Monotheism

The belief in one God, a central theme shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Abraham

A significant figure in monotheistic religions whose sons are considered patriarchs: Isaac (Judaism/Christianity) and Ishmael (Islam).

Qur'an

The holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.

Golden Age of Islam

A period during which Islamic scholars made great advancements in various fields including science, medicine, and literature.

House of Wisdom

A center of learning established by the Abbasids where knowledge was housed and translated.

Justinian's Code

A codification of Roman law by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian.

Iconoclast Controversy

A debate within the Christian Church about the use of religious images or icons.

The Great Schism

The split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church over various theological and political differences.