the reactivity series and displacement reactions
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17 Terms
what is the order of the reactivity series?
potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, zinc, copper
what are the similarities between metals?
they all have electrons in the outermost shell that they want to get rid of so when they react with other substances, they get rid of these outer shell electrons and forms positive ions
reactivity of a metal
how easily it forms these positive ions
why are carbon and hydrogen included in the reactivity series if they're not metals?
to be used as references to compare the metals agains
what is the equation when a metal reacts with an acid?
metal + acid > salt + hydrogen
2K (potassium) + 2HCl (hydrochloric acid) > 2KCl (potassium chloride) + H2 (hydrogen)
how would potassium react with an acid?
it would react explosively and possibly catch fire and whiz around as it produces loads of hydrogen
what happens when we get further down the reactivity series?
reactions would gradually get less violent
how would magnesium react with an acid?
it will just produce loads of bubbles as the solid metal disappears
how would zinc and iron react with an acid?
fewer bubbles than magnesium
how would copper react with an acid?
it won't react at all
other than watching the reactions to see how violent they are, what else can you measure?
the temperature change
the ____ reactive metals will produce the ____ heat
most, most
how can we make this a fair test?
- each of the metal samples must have the same mass/surface area
- saem type and concentration of acid we use
what is the equation when a metal reacts with water?
metal + water > metal hydroxide + hydrogen
2Li (lithium) + 2H2O (water) > 2LiOH ( lithium hydroxide) + H2 (hydrogen)
which metals won't react at all with water?
zinc, iron and copper
when put into water, magnesium reacts very ________
slightly
displacement reaction
more reactive metals can displace less reactive ones
e.g. Mg (magnesium) + FeSO4 (iron sulphate) > MgSO4 (magnesium sulphate) + Fe (iron)