Engineering Graphics - Chapter 1.

Describe the role of graphics in the design process.

Graphics in the design process serve to communicate and test the design of the product before making it in actuality. This allows for a more cost effective way to design products, communicate potential designs, and test them.

Identify 5 stages in the design process.

1. Problem Identification

2. Ideation

3. Refinement/Analysis

4. Implementation/Documentation

Contrast concurrent versus traditional design processes.

The traditional design process, known as "The Sequential Process" is a step by step method that initally goes from Marketing > Engineering > Manufactoring > Ware House > Final Product.

Concurrent Design processes, known as "The Concurrent Process", does Marking, Engineering, Manufactoring, and Ware House simultaneously

List five professions that use technical drawings.

Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Architecture, and Landscaping.

Describe 5 creativity techniques.

1. Looking at Patents

2. Looking at Nature

3. Searching the Web

4. Design Groups

5. Examine manufactured products.

Explain why standards are important.

Standard provide a common method of communication between members of the team and other engineering teams that may be involved inthe design process. The american National Standard Drafting Manual - Y14 provides the gernally accepted standards in the US.

Identify three purposes for technical drawings.

Visualization, Communication, Documentation

Life Cycle Design

means that all aspects of a product (such as design, development, production, distribution, use, and its ultimate disposal and recycling) are considered simultaneously.

computer-aided design (CAD)

Allows for a range of activities, from modeling 2D and 3D geometry to creating drawings that document the design for manufacturing and legal considerations.

Computer Aided Engineering

Allows users to simulate and analyze structures that will be subject to various temperatures, static loads, or fluctuating loads.

Computer Aided Manufacturing

provides computerized control for manufacturing processes.

DFSS Design for Six Sigma

is an approach that uses engineering and statistical tools to design products in a way that predicts and minimizes customer and manufacturing problems.

Six Sigma

a process originated at Motorola to improve quality by reducing or eliminating defects

DMAIC Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control

steps defined in a continuous improvement process that attempts to define and ensure critical to function (CTF) characteristics.

QFD Quality Function Deployment

is a tool for decision making that helps companies focus on a customer-driven approach and set of product characteristics.

What is the design process?

An organized and orderly approach to solving problems involving engineering design.

What does PDM stand for?

Production Data Management

What does EDM stand for?

Enterprise Data Management

Why are rapid prototypes useful?

Extremely beneficial when rapid response time is essential. Rapid prototyping allows designers to generate parts quickly, directly from 3d models, for mock up and testing.

What are the 3 ways the CAD database can be used.

Modeling 2d and 3d geometry to create drawings that document design for manufacturing, export data to CAE systems for kinematic analysis.

What happens in the Problem Identification Stage of the Design Process?

All the problems and requirements of the product are clearly listed and defined.

What happens in the Ideation Phase of the Design Process?

You capture and evaluate different combinations of the product.

What happens in the Decision Process/Design Phase of the Design Process?

Formality varies from company to company, but regardless it is the narrowing of the field of options for the final design of the product.

What happens in the Refinement phase of the Design Process?

The product concept is solidified into an accurate plan for making the product.

What happens in the Analysis Phase of the Design Process?

Test the design and feeds back information to refine the design further, forming and second key iteration or "loop" in the design process.

What happens in the Decision Process/Design Selection Phase of the Design Process?

Companies purchase materials, and commit other resources to manufacturing the product. Representatives from marketing, sales, and graphic design are often times consulted.

What happens in the Implementation phase of the Design Process?

The design is communicated to those responsible for manufacturing, assembling, and distributing the product.

What happens in the Documentation phase of the Design Process?

Captures the final design and freezes it. Creates the permanent records for archival purposes, patent applications, and other legal uses.

Universal Possibilites

the consideration of every possible solution and not limit the design by preconceived notions of what will be best.

Engineering Change Orders

are used for changes in components, assemblies, or documents.

Product Data Management (PDM)/ Enterprise Data Management (EDM)

electrically store various types of data associated with designing and manufacturing a product.

Constraint-Based Modeling

Also known as Parametric Modeling, captures relationships between part features and the sizes of the features.

Coordinate Measuring Machine

measures the object using a probe or laser and stores the pertinent geometric information into a database where it can be manipulated using CAD.

Design Intent

Defining features in terms of characteristics that must be preserved when the part changes.

Functional Decomposition

a term for determining the sub-functions involved in a design and then using those functions to reconstruct a similar product.

Patent Drawings

It is used by the us government and grants the holder the "right ot exclude others from making, using, or selling" a specific product for a specific time period.

Product Definition

refers to the collection of digital and hard copy documents that specify the physical and functional requirements for a product.

Protype

A full-scale working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments.

Reverse Engineering

refers to designing products based on existing deigns, usually through measurement and deconstruction of an existing product.

Critical Design Review

is a filter that allows only the products with the greatest changes of success to proceed.

Standards

support a uniform, effective graphic language for use in industry, manufacturing, engineering, and science.