Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes Vocab

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/81

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

82 Terms

1
New cards

Population density

The number of people living in a unit of land area

2
New cards

Arithmetic density

The total number of people divided by the total land area

3
New cards

Physiological density

The number of people per unit of arable land

4
New cards

Agricultural density

The number of farmers per unit of arable land

5
New cards

Population distribution

The arrangement of population on earth.

6
New cards

Carrying capacity

The maximum number of a species that can sustainably live in a given area.

7
New cards

Crude birth rate (CBR)

The average annual number of births per thousand people

8
New cards

Crude death rate (CDR)

The average number of deaths per thousand people

9
New cards

Natural increase rate (NIR)

The percentage growth of a population per year, calculated as the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.

10
New cards

Zero population growth

A phenomenon where the population's crude birth rate and crude death rate are the same, so the population neither grows nor declines

11
New cards

Total fertility rate (TFR)

The average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years

12
New cards

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

The annual number of children who die before their first birthday, per 1,000 live births

13
New cards

Life expectancy

The average number of years an infant is expected to live

14
New cards

GDP per capita

Gross Domestic Product, or the market value of all goods and services produced in a country in a given year, divided by the number of people in that nation

15
New cards

Baby boom

An increase in birth rate

16
New cards

Baby bust

A decrease in birth rate

17
New cards

Population pyramid

A double bar graph showing age and sex distribution of a place

18
New cards

Dependency ratio

The percentage of children too young to work plus the percentage of people too old to work as compared to the percentage of the rest of the population

19
New cards

Doubling time

The time needed to double a population

20
New cards

Overpopulation

When a region or country does not have enough resources to meet the needs of its population

21
New cards

Exponential rate

A rate that is a percentage of a given number

22
New cards

Arithmetical rate

A rate that is a constant number added to a given number

23
New cards

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model of four stages of economic development and population change that all countries of the world have experienced

24
New cards

Agricultural revolution

A time when people began domesticating plants and animals for food purposes and depended less on hunting and gathering

25
New cards

Epidemiological Transition Theory

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the DTM

26
New cards

Negative population growth

When a population declines over time, usually due to a higher mortality rate than birth rate, or due to migration out of the country

27
New cards

Natalist policies

People who believe future population growth will have negative consequences for much of the world

28
New cards

Anti-natalist policies

Government policies that discourage the growth of population

29
New cards

Pro-natalist policies

Government policies that encourage the growth of population

30
New cards

Migration

A permanent or semi-permanent move from one location to another

31
New cards

Push factors

Something that encourages an individual to migrate away from a certain place by pushing an individual out

32
New cards

Pull factors

Something that attracts an individual to migrate to a certain place by luring a person into a new place

33
New cards

Emigrant


A person who leaves one area for another

34
New cards

Immigrant

A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country

35
New cards

Migrant

A person who moves temporarily from one area of a country to another

36
New cards

Megacities

City with a population of at least 10 million people

37
New cards

Migration streams

Group migrations from a place of origin to a destination

38
New cards

Migration counter-streams

Group migrations from a new location back to a place of origin

39
New cards

Voluntary migration

Movements in which the participants have freely made the decision to relocate

40
New cards

Forced migration

Movements in which the participants have no choice but to relocate

41
New cards

Refugee

A person forced to leave his or her country because of war, persecution, or natural disaster

42
New cards

Asylum

The protection granted by a nation to someone who has left their native country as a political refugee

43
New cards

Ravenstein's laws of migration

A set of findings by E.G. Ravenstein with regard to aspects of migration

44
New cards

Internal migration

Permanent movement within the same country

45
New cards

International migration

Permanent movement from one country to another country

46
New cards

Transnational migration

Permanent movement across international borders, establishing a degree of connection and interaction that transcends a single nation-state.

47
New cards

Friction of distance

The additional time, cost, and effort required to interact with people or businesses over greater distances, as opposed to those that are nearby

48
New cards

Migration selectivity

The study of how likely a person is to migrate based on socioeconomic factors

49
New cards

Gravity model of migration

A model that says the likelihood of migration between two locations is proportionally related to the populations of those two locations and inversely related to the distance between the two locations

50
New cards

Ethnic enclaves

A neighborhood in a city or country where a particular ethnic group lives and practices similar cultural attributes that are different from the general population

51
New cards

Distance decay

The farther away different places are from an original site, the less likely the interaction with the original place will be

52
New cards

Spatial interaction

Movement of goods, people, or ideas from one location to another

53
New cards

Immigration

Migration into a new location

54
New cards

Emigration

Migration from a location

55
New cards

Net migration

The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants in a particular area

56
New cards

Chain migration

A type of migration that occurs when a few individuals settle in an area and develop institutions and knowledge that encourages many more immigrants from their group to settle in that same area

57
New cards

Step migration

Migration in parts; for example, a migrant might move to a farm, then to a small village, next a town, and finally a major city

58
New cards

Return migration

A cyclical migration in which migrants leave an area for a period of time but eventually return to the area from which they left

59
New cards

Remittance

A sum of money sent from one individual to another

60
New cards

Interregional migration

Migration from one region of a country to another region of the same country

61
New cards

Intraregional migration

Migration within one region of a country

62
New cards

Environmental degradation

Destruction or deterioration of the environment and its ecosystems caused by overuse or loss of natural resources

63
New cards

Internal displacement

Forced migration within a specific country

64
New cards

Conflict-induced displacement

Forced migration due to armed conflict, including civil war, generalized violence, and persecution on the grounds of nationality, race, religion, political opinion, or social group when the government is unable or unwilling to protect the victims

65
New cards

Host country

66
New cards

Native country

67
New cards

Relocation diffusion

68
New cards

Hearth

69
New cards

Acculturation

70
New cards

Assimilation

71
New cards

Hierarchical diffusion

72
New cards

Reparations

73
New cards

Brain drain

74
New cards

Brain gain

75
New cards

Repatriation

76
New cards

Melting pot theory

77
New cards

Salad bowl theory

78
New cards

Suburbs

79
New cards

White flight

80
New cards

Bright flight

81
New cards

Gentrification

82
New cards

Growth poles