fba quiz 2 personality disorders

a personality disorder is

an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that:

• deviates markedly from the expectations of individuals's culture (2 or more of the following)

• cognition

• affectivity

• interpersonal

• functioning

• impulse control

• is pervasive and inflexible

• has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood and is of long duration

• cannot be explained by another mental illness or use of substances

Type of clusters

• cluster a - odd or eccentric behaviors

• cluster b - dramatic, emotional, or erratic

• cluster c - anxious or fearful behaviors

cluster a

odd or eccentric behaviors

• paranoid

• schizoid

• schizotypal

cluster b

dramatic, emotional, or erratic

• antisocial

• borderline

• histrionic

• narcissistic

cluster c

anxious or fearful behavior

• avoidant

• dependent

• obsessive-compulsive

for purposes of Forensic Behavioral Analysis

• consider whether behaviors are within an individual's control

• consider what may have contributed to the PD and whether behaviors can be altered

What is a key characteristic of traits associated with Personality Disorders?

Traits are typically egosyntonic, meaning they are consistent with the individual's self-image, leading to a lack of insight into dysfunctional behaviors.

Why is diagnosis of Personality Disorders typically conducted after age 18?

Because behaviors typically manifest in childhood or adolescence, and individuals may have traits associated with a disorder without meeting full diagnostic criteria until later.

What is Paranoid Personality Disorder characterized by?

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others, interpreting their motives as malevolent, with typical behaviors including unjustified doubts about loyalty, reluctance to confide, and holding grudges.

How can you differentiate between Paranoid Personality Disorder and Schizophrenia?

Paranoid Personality Disorder involves pervasive distrust without hallucinations or delusions, while Schizophrenia includes psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations.

What are typical behaviors associated with Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Pervasive detachment from social relationships, lack of desire for close relationships, preference for solitary activities, and emotional coldness.

What characterizes Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits, marked by discomfort in close relationships, cognitive distortions, and eccentric behaviors.

What are some typical behaviors of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder?

Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, unstable relationships, self-damaging impulsivity, recurrent suicidal behaviors, and chronic feelings of emptiness.

What types of criminal behaviors might be associated with Borderline Personality Disorder?

Impulsive actions, self-harm, and potentially violent outbursts due to emotional instability.

What is a key difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal Personality Disorders?

Schizoid Personality Disorder involves detachment from social relationships, while Schizotypal includes cognitive distortions and eccentric behaviors.

What is a notable trait of individuals with Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

They may have odd beliefs or magical thinking that influence their behavior.

What is the significance of emotional coldness in Schizoid Personality Disorder?

It reflects a lack of emotional expression and detachment from social interactions.

What is the relationship between Personality Disorders and criminal behavior?

Certain Personality Disorders may predispose individuals to specific types of criminal behaviors due to their characteristic traits.

What is the impact of impulsivity in Borderline Personality Disorder?

Impulsivity can lead to self-destructive behaviors such as reckless driving, substance abuse, and spending sprees.

What role does insight play in the diagnosis of Personality Disorders?

Individuals often lack insight into their dysfunctional behaviors, making diagnosis challenging.

How does anxiety manifest in Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Excessive social anxiety is often associated with paranoia rather than a negative self-image.

What is a common misconception about individuals with Personality Disorders?

That they cannot change; behaviors may be altered with appropriate interventions.

What is the importance of longitudinal assessment in diagnosing Personality Disorders?

It helps to observe the stability of traits and behaviors over time, aiding in accurate diagnosis.

What is the significance of the term 'egosyntonic' in the context of Personality Disorders?

It indicates that the traits are consistent with the individual's self-perception, often leading to a lack of awareness of their dysfunction.

What is Histrionic Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking.

What are common behaviors associated with Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Uncomfortable when not the center of attention, sexually seductive interactions, rapidly shifting emotions, and using appearance to draw attention.

What is a key difference between Histrionic and Borderline Personality Disorders?

Histrionic PD focuses more on attention-seeking behaviors, while Borderline PD involves instability in relationships and self-image.

What is Narcissistic Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

What behaviors are typical of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Grandiose self-importance, fantasies of success, entitlement, and exploiting others.

How can Narcissistic Personality Disorder be differentiated from Bipolar Disorder?

Narcissistic PD is characterized by a consistent pattern of grandiosity, while Bipolar Disorder includes episodes of mania and depression.

What is Avoidant Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

What behaviors are typical of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Avoidance of social activities, fear of criticism, and negative self-views.

What is Dependent Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive behavior and fear of separation.

What are common behaviors associated with Dependent Personality Disorder?

Difficulty making decisions without advice, urgency to start new relationships after one ends, and feeling helpless when alone.

What is Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control at the expense of flexibility.

What behaviors are typical of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

Preoccupation with details, perfectionism that interferes with task completion, and reluctance to delegate tasks.

What is Antisocial Personality Disorder characterized by?

A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.

What behaviors are commonly associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Repeated acts grounds for arrest, lying, impulsivity, aggression, and lack of empathy.

What is the relationship between Antisocial Personality Disorder and Conduct Disorder?

A diagnosis of Conduct Disorder must be given prior to age 18 for Antisocial Personality Disorder.

What gender is Histrionic Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Female.

What gender is Narcissistic Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Male.

What gender is Avoidant Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Equal prevalence in males and females, though some studies suggest it may be more common in females.

What gender is Dependent Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Female.

What gender is Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Male.

What gender is Antisocial Personality Disorder most often associated with?

Male.

What Cluster is Histrionic Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster B, which includes dramatic, emotional, or erratic disorders.

What Cluster is Narcissistic Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster B.

What Cluster is Avoidant Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster C, which includes anxious or fearful disorders.

What Cluster is Dependent Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster C.

What Cluster is Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster C.

What Cluster is Antisocial Personality Disorder associated with?

Cluster B.