💥5. 1960s—Cold War, Great Society, Social Movements

Hist Final 221

Cuban Missile Crisis

1960s, Cuba, JFK/USSR Khrushchev

13-day US-Soviet Nuclear standoff sparked by the discovery of Soviet missile sites in cuba. closest to nuclear war and shows how diplomatic solutions can avoid wara and violence

War on Poverty/Economic Opportunity Act

1964, Nationwide, LBJ

Created programs like Job Corps, Head Start; part of Great Society

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

1964, Vietnam/Congress, LBJ

Gave LBJ broad war powers; escalated Vietnam War

Tet Offensive

1968, South Vietnam, Viet Cong north, US south

Surprise attacks, turned US public opinion against the war

UUUU: The Unwilling, led by the Unqualified, doing the Unnecessary for the Ungrateful

1960s, US troops in Vietnam, Dark joke acronym capturing GI disillusionment with the war

Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique

1963, Nationwide

Critiqued domestic ideals; sparked second-wave feminism

National Organization for Women (NOW)

1966, US, Friedan/feminists

faught for gender equality in law/workplace

Equal Rights Amendment

1972 (passed Congress)-1982 (failed ratification), nationwide, women’s movement/activists

sought constitutional gender equality, stalled

Phyllis Schlafly

1970s, nationwide, conservative activist

Led STOP ERA, movilized oppostion to gender equality amendment

The Other America

1962, Nationwide, Michael Harrington

Exposed poverty; influenced War on Poverty

Immigration Act of 1965

Nationwide, LBJ/Congress

Ended quota system, reshaped US demographics

Democratic National Convention/Election of 1968

Chicago, Dem party/antiwar protesters

Violent clashes, symbol of national crisis, Nixon elected

Counterculture

1960s-70s, Urban cities, Youth/hippies

Rejected mainstream norms; reshaped culture

The Pill

FDA approval 1960, Nationwide, Women/doctors/FDA

Birth control revolution, expanded women’s autonomy

American Indian Movement AIM

1960s, Minneapolis, Native activists

Demanded Sovereignty, treaty rights occupied Alcatraz/Wounded Knee

Stonewall Riots

1969, NYC, LGBTQ patrons vs police

Sparked modern LGBTQ rights movement