LO4: Composition and Formed Elements

What are the two main components of blood?

Plasma (extracellular matrix) and formed elements (cells and cell fragments).

What percentage of blood volume does plasma make up?

About 55% of blood volume.

What is plasma mostly made of?

Over 90% water, plus dissolved solutes like proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, gases, hormones, and wastes.

Name the three main types of plasma proteins.

Albumin, Globulins, and Fibrinogen.

What roles do plasma proteins play?

Transport molecules, buffer acids/bases, aid in blood clotting, and provide immune protection.

What are the three types of formed elements?

Erythrocytes (red blood cells), Leukocytes (white blood cells), and Thrombocytes (platelets).

Which formed element is actually a cell fragment rather than a true cell?

Thrombocytes (platelets).

What is the main function of erythrocytes?

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide using haemoglobin.

What is the main function of leukocytes?

Defend the body against infection and participate in immune responses.

What is the role of thrombocytes?

Help with blood clotting to prevent bleeding.