Malfunctions health and social care

Ischaemic (common) - blood clot blocks flow of oxygen to brain.

Haemorrhagic - burst blood vessels leak damaging brain cells.

Medication, physio, surgery, S+L therapist

stroke

Kidney’s don’t function properly causing large amounts of protein in the urine leading to swelling, low protein in blood.

Steroids, diuretic tablets, low salt diet, surgery.

Nephrotic syndrome

Scaring of liver caused by liver damage, scar replaces healthy tissue and prevents it from working properly.

Lifestyle changes, liver transplant

Cirrhosis

Immune system attacks myelin sheath in brain/spinal chord which causes inflammation resulting in disrupted messages along nerves.

No cure, steroids, medication, physiotherapy, S+L therapy.

Multiple sclerosis

type 1 - (autoimmune) immune system attacks and destroys cells that produce insulin

insulin injections

type 2 - (lifestyle factors) body’s supply of insulin is insufficient to control glucose

lifestyle changes

Diabetes

loss of bone density where they naturally become thinner due to age or menopause.

supplements, HRT, physiotherapy

Osteoporosis

cartilage is lost by wear and tear (deterioates) causing tendons and ligaments to rub causing pain.

Steriods, physiotherapy, surgery.

Osteoarthritis

immune system attacks cells that line joints synovial membrane which become inflamed and destroys cartilage. The scar tissue that replaces it becomes misshapen.

Steroids, physiotherapy, surgery

Rheumatoid osteoarthritis

Increased sensitivity of gut to certain foods.

Cut down on high fibre foods, sweeteners and fatty foods.

IBS

Imbalance in chemical bile makeup.

Lithotripsy, medication, surgery

Gall stones

Immune system attacks gliadin which flattens the villi so it disrupts the body’s ability to absorb nutrients .

Give up gluten, vaccinations, vitamins and minerals.

Coeliac disease

Contact with allergen irritates airways causing them to narrow.

Inhalers, avoidance, medication.

Asthma

Toxins and pollutants damage lungs so airways are damaged and inflammed.

Stop smoking, oxygen therapy, physiotherapy, inhalers

Emphysema

Production of thick mucus in the lungs.

Physio, medication, high fat diet, surgery, lung transplant.

Cystic fibrosis

dry - damage to macula

wet - abnormal blood vessels damage cells

no treatment, scans, injections, lazer surgery

Macular degeneration

high fluid pressure on front of eye, causing the channels to be blocked which damages optic nerve.

eye tests, lazer, surgery.

Glaucoma

clouding of lens linked to ageing.

glasses, sugery.

Cataracts

Blood vessels become damaged and leak causing dark spots.

Surgery, injections, lifestyle changes.

Retinopathy

gradual - ageing/loud noises.

conductive - blockages, perforated ear drum, fusion of bones

sensoneural - damage to auditory nerve, viral infections.

Hearing aids, cochlear implants, surgery.

Malfunctions deafness