Challenges and Opportunities of Urban Growth in Mumbai

Squatter settlements

62% of Mumbai's population lives in informal housing.

Sanitation issues

Only 1 toilet available for every 1000 people.

Air pollution

Pollution levels exceed WHO limits by over 6 times.

Crime victimization

Nearly 1/3 of residents have experienced crime.

Education dropout rates

High dropout rates due to financial pressures on families.

Urban growth effects

Increased population without proportional job and service growth.

Healthcare access

Mumbai has more hospitals than any Indian city.

Sion Hospital

Expanded from 50 to over 1400 beds since 1950.

Patient admissions

Sion Hospital admits over 60,000 patients annually.

Literacy rates

Mumbai's literacy rate is 89.7%, above national average.

Compulsory education

Free education mandated for children aged 6 to 14.

Water supply management

Chlorinated water supply faces pressure from squatter growth.

Sewage system pressure

Rapid growth strains Mumbai's sewage infrastructure.

Community toilets

Over 300 blocks built for improved sanitation access.

Electricity access

Many squatter settlements lack safe electricity connections.

GPOBA project

Provided 8,000-10,000 new electricity connections.

Economic capital

Mumbai is India's commercial and financial hub.

Sea trade

Accounts for 60% of India's sea trade.

Income tax contribution

Mumbai contributes 33% of India's income tax.

Customs duty

Generates 60% of India's customs duties from trade.

TNC headquarters

Hosts largest number of TNCs in Asia.

Service sector jobs

Migrants find work as couriers, hairdressers, and cleaners.

GDP contribution

Mumbai accounts for 6% of India's GDP.

Industrial production

25% of India's industrial output originates in Mumbai.

Financial institutions

Home to Bombay Stock Exchange and Reserve Bank of India.