Grade 7 Science Review Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing vocabulary related to joints, bones, muscles, cells, microorganisms, ecology, and classification, based on Grade 7 science notes.

Moveable Joint

A joint that allows movement.

Fixed Joint

A joint that does not allow movement.

Cranium

The skull, which protects the brain.

Jawbone

Bone of the jaw that facilitate chewing.

Humerus

Bone in the upper arm.

Orbit

The bony socket that contains the eye.

Ligaments

Connects bone to bone

Joint Capsule

Surrounds the joint to provide support and protection.

Fat Tissue (in joints)

Provides cushioning and insulation

Synovial Membrane

Lines the joint capsule and produces synovial fluid.

Cartilage

A type of connective tissue that provides a smooth surface for joint movement.

Synovial Fluid

A lubricant that reduces friction in the joint.

Ulna

A bone in the forearm.

Hinge Joints

Allow movement in one direction, like the elbow and knee.

Ball and Socket Joints

Allow movement in many directions, like the shoulder and hip.

Pivot Joints

allow a rotating or twisting motion, like the neck.

Tendons

Connect muscle to bone

Muscle Contraction

Process by which muscles generate force, leading to movement.

Skull

Bone that protects the brain

Tendon

Connects the muscle to the bone

Cell Membrane

A thin, flexible covering, found around all cells, that controls what enters and leaves the cell

Nucleus

the part of a cell that contains chromosomes, and that controls the activities of the cell

Cell Wall

a strong outer covering, found around plant cells but not animal cells

Cytoplasm

a jelly-like substance in which chemical reactions, take place

Quantitative Observation

Involves specific measurements or numbers.

Control Variable

Ensures a fair test by keeping other factors constant.

Hypothesis

a possible answer or explanation to a question, which can be tested by an experiment.

Science

the study of the natural world and how things work.

Technology

the use of scientific knowledge to make tools or solve problems.

Chloroplasts

Organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.

Organ System

A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function in the body.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

Pathogen

A microorganism that causes disease

Habitat

The place where an organism lives

Extinct

A species no longer found anywhere on Earth

Greenhouse Gas

A gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.

Renewable Energy Resource

Energy sources that can be replenished, such as solar and wind.

Vertebrates

Animals with a backbone

Classification

System to organize and understand the diversity of life.

Species

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Annelids

Are worms that have segmented bodies.

Arthropods

Have segmented bodies, exoskeletons, and jointed limbs.

Molluscs

Have soft, unsegmented bodies, and usually an internal or shells.

Fungi

Microorganisms that can be helpful (bread) or harmful (Athlete's Foot).

Bacteria

Microorganisms that can be helpful (digestion) or harmful (Tuberculosis).

Protozoa

Microorganism found in pond water.

Virus

Microorganism example is COVID.

Overfishing

Taking too many fish from the ocean, which can disrupt the food chain.

Non-luminous Flame

Flame type is steady, hotter, and more steady.

Cold-blooded animal

Animals that cannot control their body temperature so they are not likely to be found in cold conditions.

Herbivore

An organism that eats only plants

Decomposers

Term used to describe an organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material.