CHN - Expanded Program on immunization

July 1976

— DOH, WHO, & UNICEF launched the national immunization program

PD No. 996

— Sept. 16, 1976

— Signed by Marcos Sr.

— Aimed to protect children below 8 against 6 diseases

— Vaccines are compulsory 

— Child should be vaccinated

RA 7846

— Dec 30, 1994

— Hep. B vaccine as added

— Now 7 vaccines 

RA 10152

— 11 vaccines 

— National Immunization program 

— Implemented and renamed vaccines 

— Does not punish parents if vaccines are not given

PP No.6

— April 3, 1996

— Mandated Wednesdays as immunization day 

— Implementing a United Nations goal on Universal Child Immunization 

2001-2020

— Decade of Vaccines

— Envision a world of which all individuals a communities enjoy lives free from vaccine-preventable diseases (WHO)

Active immunity

— Permanent immunity

— Your own immune system 

— You need to live and survive so your body can produce antibodies

Passive immunity 

— temporary immunity 

— Could last for weeks, months, years depending on the vaccine

Live attenuated vaccines

— Made to mimic Active immunity

— BCG, OPV, measles, mumps, rubella 

Inactivated Vaccines

— Pathogens are already dead, usually killed prior to injection

—  So they are incapable of replicating inside the body

Whole Viruses — Inactivated

— Influenza, IPV, rabies

Whole Bacteria — Inactivated

— Pertussis, typhoid, cholera

Subunit or fractional vaccines — Inactivated

— Influenza, hepa b

Toxoid — Inactivated

— Diphteria, tetanus

Baccilus Calmette Guerin

— 0-11months or 0-1 years at birth

— 0.05 mL — ID, right upper deltoid 

— Fights TB and meningitis 

— Freeze dried then reconstituted with diluent it came with

Hepa V vaccine

— At birth (health facility)

— Less than 7 days (at home birth)

— 0.5 mL, IM, Vastus Lateralis

OPV

— 1st dose in 6 weeks 

— 0.1 mL or 2-3 drops PO

— 6, 10, 14 days

— Color - Clear pink or pale orange 

Rotavirus

— Optional

— 6 weeks  and 14 weeks

— 2 doses

— Defense against common causes of diarrhea 

— 1.5 PO

Pentavalent

— Hep. B, DPT, pertussis, tetanus, & InfluenzaB

— 3 doses, 0.5mL, IM, vastus lateralis

— 6, 10, 14 weeks 

—  Reduces chances of acquiring pneumonia and meningitis 

Inactivated Polio Vaccine

— 0.5 mL, IM, Vastus Lateralis

— 3 and a half month and 9 months

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

— 0.5 mL, IM, vastus lateralis

— Fight against pneumonia 

— Given every 4 weeks

Measles

— 9 - 11 months

— In cases of epidemics, can be given at 6 months SIA

— 0.5 mL, SC, any arm (outer art of the upperarm, preferably left)

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)

— 9 and 12 months

— 0.5 mL, SC, any arm(deltoid)

— Given with vitamin A(or retinol) 200,000 IU red

Retinol/ Vit A Blue

— Low dose

— 100,000 IU 

— Given to children with AMV1 either 6 or 9 months depending on the protocol of your BHS (but by the book it is 9 months)

Retinol/ Vit A RED

— High dose

— 200,000 IU

— Given to children with AMV2 at 12 months together with albendazole or mebendazole (if agency protocol permits)