Brain and Nervous System

Nervous System

The bodys speedy, electronically, communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems

Central Nervous System

The brain and spinal cord. The bodys decision maker

Peripheral Nervous System

The sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body. it's responsible for gathering information transmitting it to the CNS which brings it to other body parts.

Nerves

bundled axons that form cables connecting the CNS with muscles glands and sense organs

 Sensory neurons

neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

motor neurons

neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

Interneurons

neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and  intervene between the sensory and puts and motor outputs

Somatic nervous system

enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscle

•  as the bell rings at the end of the class your SNS reports to your brain the current state of your skeletal muscles and Carries instructions triggering your body to move

Autonomic nervous system

controls are glands and the muscles of our internal organs 

Sympathetic nervous system

Arouses the body mobilizing its energy and stressful situations 

Parasympathetic nervous system

Calms the body conserving its energy

EEG

an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain  surface.

CT Scan

a series of x-rays taken from different angles to help represent a slice of the brain

MRI

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of the brain soft tissue and show brain anatomy

fMRI

of functional MRI which can show what's going on when the brain’s active. it shows the brains function as well as its structure

Brainstem

place the oldest part in the central core of the brain beginning where the spinal cord swells as it endures to school. the brainstream is responsible for automatic survival function

Thalamus

The grand sensory control center. it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex  and transmits replies in the cerebellum and medulla 

Reticular Formation

A nerve Network that travels through the brainstream and Thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal

Cerebellum

Muscle movement

Limbic System

associated with emotions and drives

Amygdala

related to aggression and fear

Hypothalamus

helps govern the endocrine system using the pituitary it's going to emotion and reward 

Cerebral Cortex

A fabric of interconnected neurons covering the cerebral hemispheres. Its the bodies ultimate control and processing center

Glinl Cells

Cells which support, nourish and protect the neurons. They may also play a part in learning and thinking

Frontal Lobes

Just behind the forehead involved in speaking and muscle movements and making plans and judgment

Parietal Lobes

receive sensory input for touch and body position

Occipital Lobes

receive information from the visual field

Temporal Lobes

involved in auditory information

Motor Cortex

The area at the rear of the frontal lobes that control voluntary movements

Somatosensory Cortex

Registers and processes body touch and movement sensations 

Association Areas

Areas that are not involved in primary or sensory functions, rather are involved as higher mental functions, such as learning remembering thinking and speaking 

Plasticity

The brains ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience.

Neurogenesis

The formation of new neurons

Corpus Callosum

Large band of natural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them

Split brain

A condition resulting from surgery that connects the two hemispheres by cutting the fibers that connect them

Consciousness

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Cognitive Neuroscience

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with perception, thinking, memory, and language

Duel Processing

The idea that information is often simultaneously processed on a conscious and unconscious level