Physiology of the Cardiovascular system
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25 Terms
Automaticity
The ability to initiate its own electrical impulse
Rhythmicity
the ability to repeat the cycle with regularity
Excitability
The ability to respond to an electrical impulse
Conductivity
The ability to transmit electrical impulse from cell to cell within the heart
Contactility
The ability to stretch as a single unit and then passively recoil while actively contracting
When is the heart functioning with definitive structures functioning?
8 weeks
When does the heart start beating? when can it circulate blood?
day 22, day 24
Where does cardiac impulse originate?
SA node
What is the order of electrical conduction of the heart?
SA node—> AV node —> bundle of His —> R/L bundle branches —> purkinje fibers
Which division of the ANS is known as the craniosacral division?
Parasympathetic
What division of the ANS is known as the thoracolumbar?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Acetylcholine
input generally decelerates HR
Sympathetic
Epi/ norepi
Input tends to increase HR adn increases contractility
Pericardium
a double walled fibrous sac that surrounds the heart; fluid resides btw the 2 layers to minimize friction
Epicardium
a continuation of the inner layer of the pericardium
Myocardium
responsible for the pumping action; composed of myocytes
Endocardium
serous membrane that lines the inner surface of the heart valves and chordae tendinae
systemic circulation
arteries—> arterioles—> capillary beds—> venules—> veins
High pressure system carrying oxygenated blood
arteries
Capacitance vessels carrying blood back to the heart
veins
smallest of vessels composed of a single layer of endothelial cells
capillaries
Coronary circulation
supplies blood to the myocardium; arises from the aorta
Right coronary artery (RCA)
arises from the right anterolateral surface of the aorta
Left coronary artery (LCA)
arises from the left anterolateral surface of the aorta
left anterior descending
left circumflex arteries
How does the blood return back to the heart in coronary circulation?
returns via coronary veins to a coronary sinus back to the right atria